Clinically, intrahepatic stones are mainly treated by surgery. The principles of surgical treatment are to remove as many stones as possible from the patient’s liver, to relieve the patient of biliary strictures and biliary obstruction, to remove stone sites and infected lesions, to restore and establish unobstructed bile drainage, and to prevent recurrence of stones. General surgery includes: 1. Biliary ductotomy for stone extraction. This is the most basic clinical approach and should aim to cut through the stricture, up the common bile duct and even up to the secondary bile duct. The stones are removed through intraoperative choledochoscopy until they are removed cleanly. For limited stones that are difficult to remove cleanly, partial hepatectomy is required.2. Biliary-intestinal anastomosis. Bile-intestinal anastomosis is no longer an alternative to the treatment of bile duct strictures and stone lesions, and is now clinically abandoned. 3. Hepatectomy. Recurrent intrahepatic bile duct stones and infections can cause localized liver atrophy; therefore, removal of the diseased part of the liver, including stones and infected lesions, can solve all the problems together.