The main urological conditions that are currently amenable to laparoscopic techniques include: Adrenal diseases: laparoscopic adrenal tumor resection is recognized as the gold standard procedure for the treatment of benign adrenal diseases and can replace most open surgeries. Adrenal cortical hyperplasia, cortical adenoma (primary aldosteronism) and pheochromocytoma can be treated with laparoscopic techniques. Benign renal and ureteral lesions: including renal cysts, atrophic and non-functioning kidneys, benign renal tumors, celiac disease, pelvic-ureteral junction stenosis, and ureteral calculi. Renal cancer and pelvic cancer: generally, radical laparoscopic nephrectomy can be performed for early to mid-stage renal cancer. Some early renal cancers with small size and location at one pole can be selected for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Radical open surgery for renal pelvic cancer usually requires two long incisions in the waist and lower abdomen, while laparoscopic radical renal pelvic cancer treatment only requires a short incision in the lower abdomen and three poking holes in the waist, with less muscle damage but the same surgical effect. Bladder cancer and prostate cancer: For patients who need total bladder removal, laparoscopic total bladder removal can be performed. The method of urinary diversion after resection surgery can be chosen according to the patient’s specific condition. Laparoscopic radical prostate cancer treatment can likewise achieve open radical surgery results. In addition, varicocele and intra-abdominal cryptorchidism can also be operated with laparoscopic techniques.