Tic disorder and ADHD are both psychological and behavioral abnormalities in children and are easily confused because of their similar names and certain similarities in presentation, but they are in fact two different disorders. The exact causes of tic disorder and ADHD are not yet clear. According to domestic and international research data, tic disorder is associated with pathological changes in the basal ganglia; ADHD may be due to a dysregulation of neurotransmitter transmission due to insufficient amounts of brain neurotransmitters. Tic disorder in children is a syndrome of multiple language and behavioral disorders, which is characterized by involuntary twitching of the muscles of the face, limbs and trunk, with abnormal laryngeal articulation and obscene speech, manifested by frequent blinking, forehead wrinkling, nose sucking, pouting, tongue stretching, head shaking, head nodding, shoulder shrugging and arm moving. When the disease is aggravated, the twitching action is diversified, and abnormal sounds are involuntarily emitted from the throat. Some children frequently squeeze their eyebrows and blink their eyes, twitch their mouths, shake their heads and shrug their shoulders, and sometimes make all kinds of strange noises in their voices, which parents think is because their children are not learning and have picked up bad habits. In fact, these phenomena are likely to be the result of “Tourette’s Syndrome”. Many times, it is this subjective error in judgment that delays the treatment of the child. ADHD in children is also called mild brain dysfunction syndrome. The child’s intelligence is normal or basically normal, but there are deficits in learning and behavior and temperament, manifested as inability to sit still, small movements (can also show frequent blinking, shrugging, nodding, shaking head, etc.), and uncoordinated movements, fine movements such as threading a needle, buttoning, etc., difficulty, inattention, emotional impulsiveness. But children with ADHD are not always “hyperactive”. The medical term “ADHD” is “attention deficit hyperactivity disorder”, and some children are predominantly attention deficit, but not physically active. Therefore, some children are not very active and seem to be very quiet, but they may suffer from ADHD if they have difficulty concentrating in class, learning, procrastinating and being careless. It has been reported that these two conditions can occur together, and that 25% to 50% of children with tics have ADHD in combination. ADHD is also often accompanied by tics, and symptoms of ADHD usually appear 2 to 3 years earlier than tics and are common in children with severe tics. Although the two disorders have some similarities and can occur together, children with ADHD alone never have muscle group tics, which is the key to differentiating tic disorder from ADHD. Is it the tic disorder itself that has the symptoms of ADHD or is there a relationship between the two disorders? A lot of work has been done abroad and no genetic correlation has been found between the two disorders. The prevalence of ADHD in relatives of children with Tourette Syndrome was essentially the same as that in the general population and did not increase, while the prevalence of ADHD in children with relatives of both Tourette Syndrome and ADHD was 8 times higher than that in children with relatives of only the former. This suggests that there is no correlation between the two genetic defects. In addition, the psychostimulant drugs used to treat ADHD can cause twitching of muscle groups, which is one reason for the coexistence of Tourette-Obscene syndrome and ADHD. For example, Ritalin and Pemoline can cause muscle group twitching in hyperactive children in susceptible individuals. It has been reported that 1520 cases of ADHD treated with psychostimulants showed a twitching rate of 1.3%, indicating a low incidence. However, if applied on a large scale, it can also cause twitching in many people, so when tic-obulbar syndrome is combined with ADHD, it is important to ask whether psychostimulants are being taken.