Hyperactivity syndrome in children is also known as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), attention deficit disorder (ADD) and mild brain damage (MBD). ) and so on. Clinical manifestations: 1. Excessive activity: Increased activity, running back and forth, inability to sit still in the classroom, excessive noise, and talking too much. 2. 2.Concentration Failure to concentrate Cannot insist on listening carefully to the teacher in class, easily distracted by the slightest interference from the outside world. Doing homework can not be fully concentrated, do and stop. Doing things can not insist on always. 3, impulsive behavior Emotional instability, easily excited, lack of self-control, capricious, easy to over-excitement. Learning Difficulties Lack of necessary attention in the learning process and lagging behind in academic performance. 5.Neurodevelopmental disorders clumsiness in fine coordination, difficulty in distinguishing left and right, sometimes accompanied by delayed language development. Diagnosis: 1. Onset before 7 years of age. 2. 2.Duration of the disease is more than 6 months. 3. No mental retardation. At least 8 of the following behaviors are present: (1) Hands or feet are often constantly moving or twisting in the seat. (2) Difficulty sitting still when told to do so. (3) Is easily distracted by external stimuli. (4) Can’t wait patiently for a turn in a game or group activity. (5) Often rushes to answer questions before they are finished. (6) Also has difficulty following someone else’s prompting to accomplish something (not due to disobedient behavior or failure to understand), such as an inability to complete household chores. (7) Difficulty maintaining attention during homework or games. (8) Often switching from one thing to another before finishing it. (9) Difficulty playing quietly. (10) Often talks too much. (11) Often interrupts or interferes with others’ activities, such as interfering with other children’s play. (1 2) Often seems to listen when others speak to him. (13) Often loses objects (e.g., books, pencils, workbooks, toys, etc.) used for learning and activities at school or home. (1 4) Often participates in activities that are dangerous to the body without considering the consequences that may result (not for thrill-seeking), e.g., runs to the street center without looking around. 5. Physical and Laboratory Examination No specific positive signs or pathological reflexes. Sometimes the child is clumsy and slow, with slight difficulty in fine motor movements (e.g., buttoning, tying shoes). Intelligence examination is generally normal, and there is no special abnormality in the electroencephalogram. Psychological, educational and behavioral treatments Children should not be discriminated against or scolded, so as not to cause mental trauma. However, they should not be left unattended. They should be educated, point out their shortcomings, correct their bad behavior, and encourage them to overcome their shortcomings with a little progress. Train the attention to focus, avoid irrelevant stimuli in the environment. 2, drug treatment mainly use central nervous system stimulants, the application of phenobarbital sedatives, but not effective, but also can make the symptoms intensify. (1) methylphenidate (methylphenidate): mainly used in children over 6 years of age, daily 0, 2 ~ 0, 5 mg / kg, individual up to 0, 7 ~ 1, 0 mg / kg per day, the maximum amount of general daily not more than 40 mg. When taking the drug from a small amount, gradually increase the amount of daily amount of 2 times orally, in the morning before class and in the afternoon before the class to take, do not take the drug again after 4 pm, so as not to interfere with sleep. Do not take the medication after 4:00 p.m. to avoid interfering with sleep. Do not take the medicine after 4:00 p.m. to avoid interfering with sleep. Stop taking the medicine on weekends and holidays. The main side effects of this drug are loss of appetite, insomnia, abdominal pain, and pallor. Long-term use of large amounts may inhibit growth and development. Children with combined epilepsy should not use this drug to avoid inducing seizures. (2) Pemoline (pemoline) commonly used dose of 1 ~ 3 mg / kg per day, starting from a small amount, 10 ~ 2 0 mg per day, the morning dose can be once. Gradually increase the dosage, the maximum amount of 1 day does not exceed 80~l00mg. Weekends and holidays to stop using. Adverse reactions are rare, some children may have insomnia, loss of appetite, stomach upset, headache, etc. Individual children may cause liver function impairment (aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase elevation).