Allopurinol, also known as allopurinol, inhibits the synthesis of uric acid, thereby reducing the level of uric acid in the blood and urine, preventing uric acid from forming crystals that can be deposited in joints and other areas, and also helping to redissolve uric acid crystals in gout patients. The decrease in blood uric acid concentration begins 24 hours after taking the drug and is most pronounced at 2-4 weeks. Allopurinol is used in primary and secondary hyperuricemia, especially in hyperuricemia due to excessive uric acid production. Allopurinol is used in patients with recurrent or chronic gout, and in patients with gout stones. Allopurinol is used in patients with uric acid kidney stones and uric acid nephropathy, and in patients with hyperuricemia with renal insufficiency. The latest U.S. Gout Management Guidelines suggest that allopurinol can be started in the acute phase of gout, with uric acid-lowering therapy as soon as possible, and drinking plenty of water to facilitate uric acid excretion while taking the drug. Start with a small dose, gradually increase to an effective dose, and maintain normal blood uric acid levels, then gradually reduce the dose to the smallest effective dose for a longer period of time.