Pediatric anesthesia surgery is generally not harmful to the retina. Pediatric anesthesia is usually associated with localized damage to the eye, such as exposure keratitis and acute glaucomatous episodes, and does not usually cause excessive damage to the retina. During pediatric anesthesia, some children may have incomplete eyelid closure, which can cause prolonged exposure of the cornea to air, leading to corneal dryness and exposure keratitis. During pediatric anesthesia surgery, the use of drugs such as atropine can cause the pupil to dilate and the iris to accumulate at the angle of the atrium, which may block the angle of the atrium, resulting in obstruction of the aqueous outflow pathway, inducing an acute rise in intraocular pressure and the development of acute glaucoma. If a pediatric anesthesia procedure results in retinal lesions, prompt medical attention is recommended.