The pain at the back of the head and the neck may be related to the following causes: 1. There may be muscle spasm in the area. This condition is often seen in patients who sit and stand with their heads down for a long time and then feel the pain at rest, mainly due to muscle spasm of the cervical pinch muscle in this area. 2. There may be neurogenic cervical spondylosis. There are some neurogenic cervical spondylosis, which may induce symptoms of irritation of the posterior branch of the cervical plexus, mainly manifesting as pain in the head, occipital region or the uppermost part of the neck. 3, there may be cold. If there is cold in the occipital area, it may cause muscle spasm or fascial contracture in this area, and then cause pain. 4. There may be small joint misalignment. For this part, the most common atlantoaxial subluxation is often caused by excessive neck activity or trauma.