OVERVIEW
OVERVIEW
Pulmonary Nocardiosis is a subacute or chronic suppurative lung inflammation caused by Nocardia infection. Nocardia is a conditionally pathogenic bacterium, which usually causes disease when the body is immunocompromised. Early symptoms are not obvious, with the progress of the disease may appear fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, cough, cough sputum, hemoptysis and other manifestations.
Whether medical insurance
Yes, it is
Department
Respiratory Medicine, Thoracic Surgery
Clinical symptoms
Fever, malaise, loss of appetite, cough, sputum and hemoptysis.
Hazards
May spread to brain, subcutaneous, endocardium, etc., causing abscess.
Complications
Brain abscess, subcutaneous abscess, endocarditis, etc.
Examination
Blood routine, sputum and pus smear examination, bacterial culture, X-ray film, CT, pathologic examination, etc.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on fever, malaise, loss of appetite, cough, etc., combined with blood routine, X-ray film, sputum and pus smear examination.
Treatment principle
Control infection, symptomatic treatment, surgical excision of abscess or drainage if necessary.
Curability
Aggressive treatment can relieve symptoms.
Dietary advice
Rich in vitamins, easy to digest, light food, avoid spicy and irritating food.
Etiology
Epidemiology
Prevalent in males.
Etiology
Nocardia infection.
Route of transmission
Mostly through the respiratory tract, a few through the skin and digestive tract.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Typical symptoms
Dry cough without sputum at the beginning, followed by mucopurulent sputum without bad odor, blood in sputum or hemoptysis. Fever, night sweats, chest pain, fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss and pallor are common.
Diagnostic basis
Clinical manifestations include fever, malaise, loss of appetite, cough, sputum and hemoptysis. Laboratory examination of neutrophilia, there may be a decrease in the total number of red blood cells, erythrocyte sedimentation rate increased. Imaging manifestations of chest X-ray examination can be seen nodular lesions, flaky solid shadows, round translucent abscess area, hilar lymph nodes are often enlarged.4. Smear and culture of sputum and pus smears can be seen in the examination of slender branching mycelium, and the culture of pathogenic bacteria is positive.5.
Treatment
Treatment guidelines
Control infection, symptomatic treatment, surgical resection of abscess or drainage if necessary.
Drug treatment
Commonly used drugs such as sulfamethoxazole or sulfadimethylisoxazole, sulfadiazine, etc. Minotetracycline, gentamicin, erythromycin, etc. are also effective.
Surgery
If the lesion is limited, brain abscess, subcutaneous abscess or pyothorax is not effective after drug treatment, it can be surgically removed or drained.
Prognosis
Most of them have a good prognosis, but those with brain or multi-organ damage have a poor prognosis.
Nursing care
Daily care
1. Pay attention to rest and appropriate exercise. 2. Prevent respiratory tract infection. 3.
Dietary regimen
Rich in vitamins, easy to digest, light diet, avoid spicy and stimulating food.