I. Effects on pregnant women 1. High blood sugar can cause abnormal embryo development or even death, and the incidence of miscarriage is 15%-30%. Diabetic women should consider pregnancy after normal blood sugar control. 2. The incidence of hypertensive disease during pregnancy in pregnant women with diabetes is 3-5 times that of normal women, especially when diabetes is complicated by nephropathy, the incidence of hypertensive disease during pregnancy is up to 50% or more. 3, diabetic pregnant women have reduced resistance and are prone to co-infection, with urinary tract infection being the most common. 4. The incidence of excessive amniotic fluid is 10 times more than that of non-diabetic pregnant women. 5. The incidence of huge babies is significantly higher, and the chances of difficult delivery, birth canal injury and surgical delivery are higher. Long labor is prone to postpartum hemorrhage. 6. Diabetic ketoacidosis is prone to occur, which is harmful to the mother and child, and is not only the main cause of maternal death, but also teratogenic in early pregnancy and prone to intrauterine distress and fetal death in late pregnancy. The impact on the fetus 1. 25%-42% of the incidence of huge children. 2.The incidence of fetal growth restriction is 21%. 3.The incidence of preterm infants is 10%-25%. 4.The rate of fetal malformation is 6-8%. Effects on the newborn 1. Increased incidence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. 2, neonatal hypoglycemia, in serious cases endanger the life of the newborn.