A prostate puncture biopsy is performed to obtain a tissue specimen of the prostate gland for pathology and to find out whether malignant tumors are present in the prostate. The prostate biopsy probe is inserted either through the perineum or the rectum. 1. Transrectal puncture: The probe is inserted into the patient’s anus under ultrasound guidance. After locating the prostate, the ultrasound probe is equipped with a puncture channel. A specialized puncture needle is placed under the ultrasound probe through the puncture channel. After ultrasound-guided access to the prostate tissue, a puncture biopsy usually requires multiple puncture points. The number of puncture points should be 6 to 12. Ultrasound puncture guidance allows visualization of the lesion to ensure that the puncture is within the prostate gland, or multiple puncture points can be performed. 2. Transperineal puncture: prostate puncture can be performed from the perineal area under ultrasound guidance or CT guidance, but multi-needle puncture should not be performed, as it may have adverse consequences on the urethra. For patients who require prostate biopsy, a preoperative antibiotic infusion and a cleansing enema are recommended to minimize infection from transrectal puncture.