When the thickness of the spleen reaches 5.3 centimeters, the spleen is usually enlarged. Common diseases include cirrhosis of the liver, sepsis, and hematological disorders, which require prompt medical treatment once detected. Common infectious diseases that cause spleen thickening include sepsis, typhoid fever, subacute bacterial endocarditis, etc. The cause of spleen thickening is usually due to the increased destruction of red blood cells in the circulation, which in turn causes congestion, swelling and thickening of the spleen. Cirrhosis of the liver can also cause thickening of the spleen. Common types of cirrhosis include alcoholic cirrhosis, viral hepatitis cirrhosis and schistosomal cirrhosis, which can lead to portal hypertension, congestive enlargement of the liver and spleen. Patients with hematological diseases usually suffer from severe anemia due to bone marrow hematopoietic disorder, and then the body will carry out extramedullary hematopoiesis, and the liver and spleen, as extramedullary hematopoietic organs, will undergo proliferative enlargement. In addition to the above causes, there are malignant tumors, chronic hemolytic disease, myeloproliferative tumors, primary splenic pancytopenia, etc. If splenomegaly occurs, it is recommended to consult a doctor in time to clarify the cause of the disease and treat it positively so as not to delay the condition.