Localized emphysema means that emphysema occurs in the local tissues of the lungs, and emphysema is a pathological change that is caused by the loss of elasticity of the lung tissues due to various reasons, thus causing a state of excessive expansion and increased air content. Most localized emphysema involves very limited lung tissue, so it does not usually cause the corresponding clinical symptoms, i.e., it does not cause chest tightness, shortness of breath, dyspnea, or coughing and sputum, and therefore localized emphysema does not require treatment in the vast majority of cases. If there is a complication of infection, such as cough and sputum, or chest tightness and shortness of breath, appropriate medications can be used to provide relief, such as anti-infective, cough suppressant, expectorant, and wheezing treatment.