Pneumothorax on the lungs in the elderly clinically actually refers to long-term emphysema, where part of the alveolar wall ruptures and then fuses into a new pulmonary blister, with different management measures taken mainly according to the patient’s combined symptoms. If it is accompanied by mild wheezing, shortness of breath, cough, etc., and a mild decline in lung function, no special treatment is needed and regular follow-up is sufficient. If there is a moderate to severe decline in lung function with severe shortness of breath, long-term home oxygen therapy supplemented with bronchodilator inhalers is required to relieve symptoms of dyspnea, and care should be taken to avoid exposure to cold to prevent infection. If the patient is physically able to do so, surgery may be considered for the removal of the pulmonary blister if it is concentrated in one lung segment or lobe and the remaining lung tissue is still functional, as there is a risk of rupture of the blister leading to pneumothorax.