The causes are mechanical irritation or injury, such as sexual intercourse, abortion and childbirth lacerations and bacterial invasion causing cervicitis, which is divided into acute inflammation and chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation includes cervical erosion, cervical polyps, cervical hypertrophy, and cervical mucositis.
What is commonly referred to as cervical erosion is actually a common manifestation of chronic cervicitis. Some patients are particularly worried because they think that cervical erosion is really an ulcerated tissue, but this is not the case. When the columnar epithelium of the cervical canal migrates and appears to the naked eye as a fine-grained red area resembling erosion, it used to be called cervical erosion but is now called columnar epithelial ectasia. Because of the poor resistance of the exposed columnar epithelium, it is susceptible to bacterial and viral attack resulting in chronic inflammation for a long time.
Clinical manifestations
Mild cases are asymptomatic, while symptomatic cases show increased vaginal discharge, often purulent. There may be lower abdominal and lumbosacral cramps and bladder irritation symptoms; patients with heavy erosion may have varying degrees of pale bloody discharge, typically after sex, and thick purulent cervical discharge, which is unfavorable to sperm passage and causes infertility.
Diagnosis
Examination for clear diagnosis. The diagnosis is not difficult according to clinical manifestations, but it should be noted that cervical erosion and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or early cervical cancer are difficult to distinguish from each other in terms of appearance, and cervical scraping, colposcopy and biopsy should be routinely performed if necessary.
Treatment
Chronic cervicitis is mainly treated locally.
Drug therapy: It is suitable for lesions with small erosion area and shallow inflammatory infiltration.
Physiotherapy: The most commonly used clinical treatment method. The principle is to destroy the erosive surface of the cervix by physical means and cover it with new squamous epithelium. It takes 3-4 weeks to heal and 6-8 weeks for deeper lesions. Microwave, radiofrequency and Hevac knife can be used, which have the advantages of low cost, short treatment course and fast results.
Precautions before treatment
1.Cell smear is done before treatment.
2.Treatment time is chosen within 3-7 days after menstruation.
3.After physiotherapy treatment, there will be an increase of vaginal flowing discharge and a little bleeding when scabbing for 1-2 weeks.
4.Bathing sex and vaginal douching are prohibited for 4-8 weeks.
5.After treatment, regular review is needed. Observe the healing of the wound until it is healed.
Surgical treatment: Some patients with chronic cervicitis have cervical hypertrophy, cervical polyps, or cervical canal with deep and extensive erosion, and cytology CIN2, CIN3, etc. In addition to the performance of cervical erosion, LEEP can be considered, and the lesion tissue can be sent for pathological examination.
How to prevent cervical erosion
1, pay attention to the hygiene of sexual life, appropriate control of sexual life, avoid menstrual sexual life.
2, timely and effective contraceptive measures to reduce the incidence of abortion, induced abortion, to reduce the chance of man-made trauma and bacterial infection.
3.Where the menstrual cycle is too short and the menstrual period lasts longer, active treatment should be given.
4.Cervical lacerations found after delivery should be sutured in time.
5.Regular gynecological examination so that cervical inflammation can be detected and treated in time.