The skull provides a protective gate for the intracranial tissues so that they are not vulnerable to external attack, but if a piece of the skull is missing, the consequences can be unimaginable. In neurosurgery, cranial defects are becoming more and more common, such as traumatic brain surgery or craniotomy for certain craniosynostosis, which may leave cranial defects behind. Skull defect may not seem to be a big problem, but in fact, it is a life-safety issue. The defective part will not grow up on its own, but will also become localized depression over time, and some of them can also appear bulging, which will have a lot of effects on the operation of intracranial tissues. Moreover, the intracranial pressure and intracranial environment will be changed after the cranial defect, which will lead to a series of cranial defect syndrome, which will bring inconvenience to the patients’ life and work. Therefore, it is generally recommended to go to the hospital for skull repair surgery to restore the integrity of the skull and rebuild the closed cranial environment as soon as possible. In neurosurgery, cranial repair surgery is a very classic surgery with a long history of development, and the technology has become more mature, which can be done in general large hospitals, but the effect also depends on the choice of repair materials and surgical operation techniques. For example, titanium mesh material is widely used in many hospitals nowadays. Compared with the earlier materials, titanium mesh material is an improvement, but there are still some shortcomings, and there may still be some postoperative problems, such as infection and rejection, affecting postoperative medical examination and material exposure, etc. Titanium mesh materials are problematic, a new type of polyetheretherketone peek material is gradually introduced, peek material is very good in all aspects of performance, to make up for the shortcomings of titanium mesh materials, postoperative recovery is also very satisfactory. We are using peek material to carry out the surgery, and we continue to improve the technology upgrade and material optimization design, the introduction of the concept of aesthetic plastic surgery, making the effect more realistic and beautiful, to achieve good clinical results.