Hyperthyroidism is short for hyperthyroidism. The indications for Iodine 131 treatment for hyperthyroidism patients include goiter of degree II or above, allergy to antithyroid drugs, relapse after antithyroid drug treatment or surgery, hyperthyroidism combined with heart disease, hyperthyroidism with leukopenia, thrombocytopenia or thrombocytopenia, hyperthyroidism combined with damage to the function of the liver, kidneys and other organs, and so on. The principle of iodine 131 treatment is that iodine 131 releases β-rays in the process of decay, and β-rays have strong ionizing radiation ability, which makes part of thyroid follicular cell degeneration and necrosis, and reduces the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormone, and the volume of thyroid gland is also reduced, thus achieving the purpose of treating hyperthyroidism. Patients who need iodine 131 treatment should undergo standardized treatment under the guidance of professional doctors to avoid serious consequences.