A 6-year-old boy, Yu, was found by his parents several months ago to have bright red threads in his stool and occasional blood dripping after the stool, but he did not pay attention to it because he had no other discomfort. Recently, the child’s stool bleeding became more and more serious, and his face was yellow. The doctor conducted a careful examination and the proctoscope showed a spherical polyp about 7 cm from the child’s anus, confirming the diagnosis of a rectal polyp. Rectal polyps are new organisms that occur on the mucosa of the rectum, mostly caused by chronic stimulation of feces, and are common benign tumors. Most of them are solitary and a few are multiple. Childhood rectal polyps mainly occur in children aged 5 to 10 years old. Symptoms The common clinical manifestations of rectal polyps are blood in stool, prolapse, intestinal symptoms and systemic symptoms. (1) Blood in stool is usually small, mostly blood on hand paper, or blood on the surface of stool, or blood dripping during stool, bright red or dark brown, sometimes with mucus. Blood in stool is the most common symptom of tubular adenoma, accounting for more than 90% of cases; blood in stool is also seen in choroidal adenoma but mostly in mucus-blooded stool; 88-100% of juvenile polyps may have blood in stool; familial adenomatous polyposis is mostly seen in mucus-blooded stool. (2) Prolapsed rectal polyps can be prolapsed outside the anus when the polyp is long. Sometimes the polyp prolapse only exposes the anal opening, sometimes together with part of the tip prolapse out of the anus. If the polyp is larger, it must be returned by hand after prolapse, and may occasionally be embedded outside the anus. High polyps often cannot be dislodged. (3) Intestinal symptoms are often manifested as diarrhea, shortness of breath, and so on. Some patients with tubular adenoma may have mild diarrhea, mucus stool, poor bowel movement, thin stool, abdominal pain, etc. Most patients with villous adenoma may have diarrhea, which is characterized by large amount of mucus in stool, and sometimes may also have symptoms such as shortness of breath and unpleasant bowel movement. Diarrhea is the main symptom of familial adenomatous polyposis. Diarrhea is the main symptom of familial adenomatous polyposis. It is often manifested as mucus and blood stool, and there may be abdominal pain and urgency. (4) Systemic symptoms, such as anemia and emaciation, may occur in those with a large number of polyps and a longer disease duration. For those who excrete large amounts of mucus, hypokalemic heart rhythm disorder or weakness of the limbs may occur; easy fatigue and other symptoms, which affect the physical development of adolescent patients. Treatment Rectal polyps should be removed, the method of removal depends on the site, shape and number of polyps, the above-mentioned microscopic examination and removal of polyps should be carried out under general anesthesia, requiring the child to be quiet, anal relaxation, removal of polyps under direct vision in fiber colonoscopy to complete, hemostasis should be complete, the basal polyps can be removed under direct vision electrocautery, but burning can not be too deep to prevent rectal perforation, single or disseminated polyps are benign lesions The prognosis is good after removal, and very few cases can be recurred, which should be followed up regularly.