The treatment of bipolar disorder is mainly based on the use of emotion stabilizers. In the acute stage, two or more drugs are used in combination, and the drugs are selected according to the different manic or depressive symptoms. In the maintenance period, medication can be combined or single medication can be chosen, but it is advocated to maintain treatment with emotion stabilizers, and to use cautiously or only short-term combined use of antidepressant drugs that are not easy to turn manic, to prevent relapse and avoid developing into rapid cycling bipolar disorder, which is the basis of all treatment. This is because the development of rapid cycling type is the main culprit of disability in bipolar disorder. Treatment should be highly conscious of the need to avoid rapid cycling caused by antidepressants. Drug combination is not equal to the more drugs combined the better, according to the individual patient, a reasonable minimum of kinds of combination, as much as possible short-term multi-drug combination, is not only beneficial to reduce medical costs, but also significant to reduce the impact of adverse drug reactions. The pharmacological treatment plan for schizophrenia is to try to treat with a single antipsychotic drug, and short-term combinations of antidepressants are possible in the acute phase depending on the depressive symptoms, but not in the long term. In the maintenance phase of schizophrenia, it is recommended to try to treat with a single antipsychotic drug, which is highly beneficial to improve treatment compliance. Evidence-based clinical studies in persuasive SCI papers show that emotion stabilizers such as lithium carbonate and valproate analogs have no adjunctive therapeutic effect on the maintenance treatment of schizophrenic hallucinations and delusional symptoms (in terms of long-term efficacy), merely increase medication side effects, and increase the financial burden on the patient’s family. This is where the importance of differential diagnosis comes into play. The above brief explanation is intended to answer a simple question: the treatment concepts of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are different, both in the acute and maintenance phases, and there is no such thing as “one psychiatric diagnosis, one treatment”. If the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders were “common”, there would be no development of the discipline, and clinical research would be in vain.