Complications of cataract surgery include shallow anterior chamber, uveitis, purulent endophthalmitis, and persistent corneal edema.
1. Shallow anterior chamber: caused by incision leakage, choroidal detachment, and pupillary block contraction. Treatment includes bandaging the affected eye, strengthening anti-inflammatory, iridotomy.
2. Uveitis: mostly accompanied by vitreous detachment, lens cortical residue. While searching for the cause of the disease, hormone and pupil dilation and other medications should be administered.
3. Purulent endophthalmitis: the source of infection includes surgical field, surgical instruments and so on. Early bacterial and fungal culture should be performed, and antibiotics should be used as early as possible.
4. Persistent corneal edema: caused by excessive damage to the corneal endothelium during surgery. Since the endothelial damage is irreversible, corneal transplantation is needed.
5. Anterior chamber and vitreous blood accumulation: blood accumulation originates from the damaged vessels of the incision and iris vessels. A small amount of volume can be absorbed within a few days. Anterior chamber hemorrhage with high intraocular pressure should be washed out immediately. A large amount of vitreous hemorrhage can be treated with glass excision.
6. Glaucoma: caused by the presence of glaucoma before surgery, the crystal cortex remains more. It can be treated by glass excision and trabeculectomy.
7. Abnormal position of IOL: including pupil clamping, “sunrise”, “sunset” syndrome, “windshield wiper” syndrome. Surgery is needed to reset the pupil.
8. Posterior capsular clouding: YAG laser capsulotomy is the most effective and simple treatment method.
9. Retinal complications: mainly macular cystoid edema and retinal detachment. Macular edema mostly subsides on its own. Retinal detachment can be treated by surgery such as scleral ligation.
Cataract surgery should be operated by specialized doctors, and the discomfort should be actively diagnosed and treated.