In the 21st century, with the concept of minimally invasive treatment, rapid rehabilitation and improved surgical techniques, the field of orthopedics has seen advances in patient treatment with the unique advantages of arthroscopy, percutaneous placement of bone grafting plates and intramedullary nailing techniques, and has raised the treatment level of physicians to a new level once again. However, with the development of new technologies, we also have to face some new medical problems arising from them. The author combines his clinical experience in orthopedics to discuss how to combine humanistic care with minimally invasive treatment. Liu Ning, Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Harbin Medical University 1. healthy life. Minimally invasive surgery is to have the best internal environmental stability, the smallest incision, the lightest inflammatory response, and the smallest scar healing under any surgical trauma stress situation. This requires enhancing the minimally invasive concept and developing minimally planar techniques. Minimally invasive covers the concept and techniques of surgery, and the minimally invasive concept should be used as a guide and minimally invasive techniques as a guarantee in clinical work. As a concept, minimally invasive has always been the realm pursued by surgery, but the understanding of minimally invasive cannot be limited to surgery alone. Minimally invasive surgery has more humanistic value compared with traditional surgery. Minimizing the surgical incision and minimizing the damage to patients in orthopedic surgery is the embodiment of humanistic care, which is also the unremitting pursuit of gynecologists for thousands of years. Driven by the concept of holistic treatment, the concept of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) was introduced in the 1980s, and the development of modern technology has injected new vitality into it, making it a kind of technology combining modern optics, electricity, image transmission and other high-tech means, and using miniature instruments for treatment. This is an important step of modern medicine towards humanized medicine. At present, minimally invasive orthopedics mainly includes: 1) the change of the concept of fracture treatment. Fracture treatment has evolved from the original biomechanical viewpoint of emphasizing strong internal fixation to achieve phase I healing to the viewpoint of biological fixation to protect local blood flow of fracture to achieve phase II bone healing, i.e., the viewpoint of biological and rational osteotomy. The main techniques include biodegradable materials, intramedullary nails and percutaneous plates. 2) Arthroscopic techniques. Arthroscopic surgery is a major advancement in orthopedic technology in the 21st century. Since its application in clinical practice in the 1980s, it has greatly improved the diagnosis rate of joint diseases in the field of orthopedics, especially for many operations that are difficult to perform with conventional surgery. With the improvement of the performance of arthroscopy, the improvement of the surgical instruments and the maturity of the operating techniques, the scope of its clinical application has been expanding. At present, not only can we examine and diagnose joints from the knee to the whole body, but we can also perform microscopic surgical treatment. Arthroscopic surgery is performed through very small skin incisions with minor tissue invasion, reducing surgical trauma and complications, significantly shortening treatment time, and lowering medical costs.3) Minimally invasive endoscopy-assisted techniques. Transendoscopic spine surgery techniques have made great strides in recent years. At present, the more clinically useful techniques include endoscopic-assisted lumbar posterior or lateral-posterior access disc removal, laparoscopic-assisted lumbar lesion removal and thoracoscopic-assisted thoracic lesion removal. Recently, endoscopic-assisted cervical discectomy and fusion have been reported. (4) Computer-assisted minimally invasive techniques. In recent years, the rapid development of computer technology has promoted the progress of visualization technology, which combines various high-tech means such as physics, electronics, computer technology, material science and fine processing, which can combine fluoroscopic imaging system with image navigation and gradually form a surgical navigation system. With surgical navigation and telesurgery systems, surgeons can perform more complex surgeries, even remotely controlled by computer-controlled robots without direct patient contact. Compared with traditional major surgery, these technologies can reduce psychological trauma and anxiety for the patient population, shorten the postoperative recovery period, and allow patients to return to social life better and faster. 3. Problems and countermeasures of minimally invasive surgery Science and technology have armed clinical diagnosis and treatment, constantly opening the way for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, but also forming an excessive reliance on science and technology. At present, some orthopedic surgeons have a misconception about minimally invasive surgery, that is, they excessively pursue minimally invasive surgery, and often tend to never perform traditional open surgery when minimally invasive surgery is possible in clinical treatment. In addition, driven by economic interests, some medical institutions are out of touch with reality and one-sidedly promote the advantages of minimally invasive surgery, so that the majority of patients are misled to believe that minimally invasive is advanced, which leads to the abuse of minimally invasive technology and increases the economic burden of patients. At present, minimally invasive gynecological surgery still has some limitations: 1) The incision is smaller on the surface, but the internal incision cannot be reduced accordingly. Moreover, due to the widespread use of electrosurgical instruments, new injuries such as secondary injuries to tendons and nerves may occur, which are not easily detected intraoperatively, and postoperative tissue necrosis may lead to complications. 2) Minimally invasive surgery itself also has relative contraindications. For example, minimally invasive treatment for bone tumor patients often fails to remove the lesion completely and delays the time of treatment. 3) As the complexity of minimally invasive surgery increases, the operating time is significantly longer and the risk of surgery increases accordingly. In complex surgery, minimally invasive surgery is limited by small surgical field of view, lack of tactile sensation of the operator, and poor flexibility of the small surgical area, so it will take more time to complete the same surgical task than open surgery. 4) The level of hospitals at all levels in China varies, and the endoscopic training mechanism has not been perfected, so the proficiency of doctors in minimally invasive surgery varies. Arthroscopic surgery has its unique characteristics, and there are “inconveniences” in intraoperative observation, hand-eye coordination, and instrument operation for beginners. Therefore, we must look at minimally invasive surgery and traditional surgery dialectically, because although the two are invented sequentially, they complement each other in clinical application. Minimally invasive surgery is rooted in traditional surgical methods, and problems that cannot be solved by minimally invasive surgery will be solved by traditional surgery. Therefore, in the daily surgical training, orthopedic surgeons should not relax the consolidation of traditional medical methods while strengthening the observation and learning of new technologies and mastering the cutting-edge medical knowledge. In general, minimally invasive is a concept and a principle [1]. In both minimally invasive and conventional surgery, physicians must adhere to this principle and keep it in mind throughout the procedure. In clinical medical decision making, physicians must be truly “people-oriented” and be minimally invasive for the sake of the patient, rather than minimally invasive for the sake of minimally invasive, or minimally invasive for financial gain. According to the patient’s age, disease condition, economic status, the doctor’s technical level and expertise, and the hospital’s medical equipment, the doctor should make individualized treatment plans for the patient, so as to be patient-centered and do everything for the patient. We should not blindly pursue the so-called “small incision” and cause the regret of “giant trauma”. 4. Practice minimally invasive and humanistic care in medical treatment Orthopedic surgeons can make efforts in the following aspects: 1) receive formal microsurgery training, through which they can train doctors to brio 1) Receive formal training in microsurgery, through which doctors can be trained to operate with accuracy, stability, lightness and dexterity, and also to develop patience and, in particular, a sense of non-invasiveness. 2) Acquire a good knowledge of anatomy and variation. Orthopedics is a practical application discipline based on anatomy, anatomy is the foundation of surgery, only with good anatomical knowledge can we avoid unnecessary injuries in surgical operations, and mastering the variation can change the surgical method better. 3) Strengthen the professional knowledge of orthopedics, grasp the new knowledge, theories and methods of orthopedics in a timely manner, and learn from senior doctors. (4) Pre-operative detailed physical examination, careful reading of films, repeated measurements, and careful study of the surgical side of the cold. Do a good job of dealing with possible accidents and complications during and after surgery, treating each operation as the first operation. Surgery is a high technology, high-risk disciplines, a little carelessness may lead to a big mistake, complications are sometimes inevitable. Especially in the current medical environment. (5) Personalized treatment for patients, not bound by convention, according to different age, gender, type, occupation and economic conditions, choose the best minimally invasive treatment. In conclusion, modern medical technology is a double-edged sword, doctors should make use of its strengths and avoid its weaknesses, use technology well, and be the master of technological progress. Medical activities are not only to prevent and treat diseases, but also to follow the biopsychosocial model of modern medicine, to actively improve the physical quality of people, to maintain physical and mental health, to improve social adaptability and labor efficiency, and to promote the progress and development of society. During the treatment process, we should fully consider the physiological and psychological needs of patients, always reflect the humanistic concept, scientifically use minimally invasive technology, and maintain the physical and mental health of patients.