Premature ovarian failure is defined as ovarian failure in women before the age of 40 due to follicular depletion, atresia or medical factors in the ovaries. Symptoms of patients with premature ovarian failure are complex, and the more common symptoms include menstrual disorders, with most patients experiencing scanty and infrequent periods, and a few experiencing sudden amenorrhea. The lack of ovulation caused by the decline in ovarian function can lead to a decline in the patient’s conception rate as well as infertility. In addition, the decline in estrogen level will cause various symptoms similar to perimenopause, such as hot flashes and sweating, vaginal dryness, pelvic floor relaxation, decreased libido, recurrent urinary tract infections, recurrent vaginitis, increased psychological stress, depression and anxiety, etc. Long-term complications include osteoporosis, a higher rate of cardiovascular disease compared to women of the same age, and an earlier occurrence of Alzheimer’s disease. Because premature ovarian failure can seriously affect a patient’s physical and mental health, early diagnosis and treatment is especially important. For patients with high risk factors for premature ovarian failure, they should get pregnant as early as possible to complete the reproductive process, and pay close attention to their menstrual situation, and consult the doctor in time when they have scanty menstruation or low menstrual flow, etc. If they can get early treatment, they have a chance to restore normal ovarian function and reduce the occurrence of complications.