Osteoarthritis is also known as osteophytes, degenerative joint disease, proliferative osteoarthropathy and overgrowth arthritis. This disease is the most common chronic joint disease in middle-aged and elderly people. The prevalence rate is 50% for people over 50 years old in China, and over 90% for women and 80% for men over 65 years old. Its daily precautions are as follows: 1. Maintain optimism: The prognosis of the majority of patients is good. X-rays alone with osteophytes do not necessarily show symptoms, and less than 1% of those with bone spurs in the hip or knee have joint space narrowing after 10 years. 2, have a reasonable lifestyle and work style: usually drink milk in small amounts several times, more sunshine, calcium supplements if necessary, middle-aged and elderly people who simply take calcium supplements are often poorly absorbed, can take active vitamin D. Should adjust the intensity of labor or change the type of work that leads to aggravation of symptoms, eliminate or avoid unfavorable factors, such as strenuous exercise. 3. Avoid mechanical injury: avoid excessive load on the affected joints, and obese people should reduce their weight. Those with knee and hip joint involvement should avoid long standing, kneeling and squatting. 4.Choose appropriate shoes: The elderly should preferably wear shoes with a loose heel, the height of the heel of the shoe should be about 2cm above the forefoot of the sole, and the sole of the shoes for the elderly should be slightly larger and must have non-slip corrugations to avoid falls. 5.Use of auxiliary facilities: Handles, canes, knee pads (for patellofemoral joint involvement), walkers, wedge insoles (for those with inversion or valgus knees) or other auxiliary devices can be used to reduce the load on the involved joints. 6. Adjunctive physical therapy: in the acute phase, the main focus is on pain relief, swelling and improvement of function; in the chronic phase, the main focus is on enhancing local blood circulation and improving joint function. Note: Arthroplasty or ultrasound therapy is prohibited for joints containing metal components to avoid deep burning injuries. 7, perform gentle aerobic exercise: need to start with a small amount of exercise, gradually, such as exercise after the joint pain persists, should reduce the intensity and time of exercise. Aerobic exercise includes joint exercise and muscle exercise, taking the knee joint as an example: joint exercise can be done in sitting or lying position, knee flexion and extension and rotation exercise, about 3 times a day. There are two methods of muscle exercise: (1) take the lying position, lift the leg straight up to about 35°, maintain for 5 seconds, repeat 20-30 times, 2-4 times a day. (2) In the upright position, extend the lower limb backward up to 45°, hold for 5 seconds, repeat 20-30 times, and perform 2-4 times a day. Different patients should focus on different exercises: swimming or walking can be performed for knee involvement, but swimming is not suitable for cervical osteoarthritis; gentle neck and lumbar activities are feasible for cervical and lumbar involvement, and grasping and gripping exercises can be done for hand involvement. 8. Correct use of analgesics: analgesics should not be abused to prevent adverse reactions, especially for patients with hypertension, impaired liver or kidney function, which should be used with caution, the dosage should be small, and the maintenance dosage should be used as early as possible. Elderly people should choose drugs with short half-life, enteric tablets are usually taken within half an hour before meals, and other preparations are usually taken during or after meals.