A half spherical mass in the umbilicus is soft, and a huge umbilical hernia may dangle downward. If the contents of the hernia are intestinal tubes, intestinal peristalsis can be seen; the hernia protrudes when standing upright and returns when lying down; there is a coughing sensation of impact, and the umbilical defect and round hernia ring can be palpated on retraction. So, what are the causes of patients with symptoms of a half spherical mass in the umbilicus? The following is a brief introduction: 1. Incomplete atresia of the umbilical ring, weak umbilical tissue or atrophy of the abdominal fascia muscles are the pathological basis for the occurrence of umbilical hernia. Increased intra-abdominal pressure caused by pregnancy, obesity, excessive fat in the greater omentum, chronic cough and cirrhotic ascites are important triggers for the occurrence of umbilical hernia. 2. In early childhood, the umbilical ring is closed and a local scar is formed, which becomes a weak spot in the abdomen. Middle-aged and elderly people and those with multiple pregnancies have a more fragile abdominal wall due to partial degeneration or degenerative changes in the abdominal muscle. Therefore, when the abdominal pressure is high for a long time and the abdominal muscle is overstretched, the viscera will come out from the weak spot around the umbilicus. In umbilical hernia, the wall and covering are thin and the hernia contents appear to be subcutaneous. The initial contents are mostly the greater omentum, followed by the small intestine and colon. Adhesions often occur between the hernia contents and the umbilical hernia sac, creating a multifocal gap and sometimes intestinal obstruction. In pregnant women or patients with cirrhosis with ascites, spontaneous or traumatic penetration of the umbilical hernia may sometimes occur if it is associated with an umbilical hernia.