Fever symptoms are relatively common in babies. Whether or not they go to the hospital, ultimately it is the mother’s attentive care that will help the baby recover. Today we will talk about home care for fever. These, you may already know 1, keep the room ventilated and lower the room temperature (keep the room at the right temperature for the human body). 2, do not overdress your baby, do not wrap too tightly covered too thick. 3.Supplement sufficient amount of water and food. 4, in principle, when the fever, when the baby’s axillary temperature is lower than 38.5 ℃, take physical cooling, axillary temperature in 38.5 ℃ or more, physical cooling plus the use of drugs to cool down. 5, cooling at the same time to find the cause of the fever, and continue to treat the cause symptomatically. You also need to know some nursing details 1, learn to correctly measure the temperature of the baby fever, monitoring the body temperature is a very important part. Some mothers use their forehead / lips to press the baby’s forehead, feel some heat, then judge the baby is feverish. In fact, “feeling hot” is a very unreliable detection method, or need to rely on thermometers to measure. Currently commercially available thermometers are common: glass mercury thermometer, electronic thermometer, infrared thermometer (ear / forehead temperature gun). Glass mercury thermometer has the advantage of high stability and accurate value, but the measurement takes a little longer, the use and reading is more inconvenient, and easy to break the possibility of mercury contamination. Electronic thermometer has the advantage of easy to read and carry, but the accuracy of the value of the electronic components and battery power supply and other factors, not as good as the glass mercury thermometer. Infrared thermometer is ideal for rapid temperature measurement of acute patients, the elderly, infants and children, but the accuracy of the value is not as accurate as the glass mercury thermometer. Temperature measurement methods and precautions Thermometer measurement methods Precautions Ear thermometer Place the sensing end in the external ear canal. When measuring, pull the ear downward and backward for infants and children under three years old, and pull the ear upward and backward for children over three years old. Press the button and make a beeping sound to read the value. It is to measure the body’s central temperature; it is inaccurate to measure the ear temperature for infants under 3 months, otitis media, before and after exercise, before and after eating, and after drinking hot and cold drinks; if the measured values are different between the two ears, the higher value is taken; 38℃ or above is considered fever. Anal thermometer Disinfect the thermometer with alcohol and rinse it with cold water. If you use a glass mercury thermometer, you need to shake the mercury column to below 35℃. After lubricating the inductive end of the thermometer with some oil, have the child lie prone and slowly and gently insert it into the baby’s anus, about 1.5 to 2.5 cm. Leave it for 3 to 5 minutes and take a reading. The measured value is close to the central temperature of the body; it is the preferred method of temperature measurement for infants and children; anal temperature measurement is not suitable for children with diarrhea; anal temperature measurement is inaccurate after stooling, after bathing, and for children with constipation; more than 38℃ is considered fever. Axillary thermometer Disinfect the thermometer with alcohol and rinse it with cold water. If you use a glass mercury thermometer, you need to shake the mercury column to below 35℃. Dry the sweat in the armpit, place the inductive end of the thermometer deep in the armpit, and clamp it with the upper arm. Continue for 5 to 10 minutes and then take a reading. The measured value is 0.8℃ below the central temperature of the body; if you drink hot drinks, exercise strenuously, get emotional and take a bath, wait 30 minutes before taking the measurement; 37.3℃ or more is considered fever. Disinfect the thermometer with alcohol and rinse with cold water. Place the sensing end of the thermometer under the tongue. Leave it for about 1 minute and read the value with a beeping sound from the thermometer. The measurement value is 0.5℃ below the central temperature; requires the child’s cooperation, so it is not suitable for infants; avoid using glass mercury thermometers to avoid accidents of breakage; wait for 30 minutes after drinking hot or cold drinks before taking the measurement; 37.5℃ or above is considered fever. Tip: Many mothers add a certain value to the measured temperature to calculate their baby’s “real temperature”, which is not necessary. When reporting the temperature to the doctor, you only need to tell him the measured temperature and the method used, such as “Doctor, I used the ear temperature gun and got an ear temperature of 38.5℃”, otherwise it will affect the doctor’s correct judgment. 2, fever 3 stages of care The process of fever is the repeated cycle of fever 3 stages, chills – high fever – fever reduction. The performance of each phase and the focus of care Tips: During fever, high and low body temperature is a common phenomenon, and the body temperature must be restored to the original setting after the cause of the disease is eliminated and cured. The body temperature is not necessarily proportional to the severity of the disease, and the body temperature may drop instead of rise in case of serious infection. 3, the commonly used physical cooling methods cold weather, with warm water bath, simply put, with about 37 ℃ warm wet towel bath, wipe parts of the body including the baby’s forehead and face. The principle of fever reduction is to let the skin blood vessels dilate, so that the body temperature is distributed, and the evaporation of water vapor left on the body after the warm wet towel wipe will also take away part of the body heat. Infants and young children have a large body surface area, and warm water wipes are more effective in reducing fever than adults and older children. Some studies have shown that the efficacy of warm water baths combined with fever-reducing drugs is more effective than drugs alone. When the weather is warm, you can choose to give your baby a warm bath directly, with the focus on controlling the water temperature, which is best kept between 38 and 40 degrees Celsius. Tips: Alcohol rubbing baths are prohibited for small infants and ice pillows are prohibited for infants and children without expressive skills. Over-treatment of fever may increase the baby’s physical discomfort. Giving physical and medication cooling as necessary helps increase comfort, but the cooling should not be too fast. If, during physical cooling, the baby is painfully irritable or even has cold hands and feet, shivering all over the body, or purple lips, etc., it must be stopped immediately. Fever is caused by a change in the central temperature setting point, so it is rare that it exceeds 41℃. If the body temperature exceeds 41 ℃, it must be considered heat stroke and dehydration caused by heat production and heat dissipation disorders caused by the rise in body temperature, then it is necessary to use physical cooling method to quickly reduce body temperature, as soon as possible to the hospital to avoid life-threatening. In principle, it is recommended to use them above the axillary temperature of 38.5℃, and the number of times should not be too many, the interval should not be too close, and avoid excessive use to avoid hypothermia and damage to liver and kidney function. The commonly used dosage forms for children are oral and suppository, of which oral is the most common way, generally starting to take effect about half an hour after taking; suppository is directly absorbed through the rectal mucosa, suitable for those who cannot take orally or need immediate cooling for high fever convulsions, and not for children with diarrhea. Tips: The use of antipyretic drugs for axillary temperature above 38.5 ℃ is not absolute, but also refer to the general performance of the baby, if the child is in good spirits can eat and play, you can not use; if the value measured during the chills, it means that the temperature is likely to continue to rise, it is necessary to consider whether to use antipyretic drugs according to the baby’s situation and your past experience in care. Commonly used oral cooling drugs for children are: ibuprofen suspension or acetaminophen suspension, which are effective when high fever does not subside and are used alternately. 5, how to give fever baby hydration and food Due to the increase in body temperature, high metabolic rate, high oxygen consumption and reduced gastrointestinal absorption, the body’s demand for energy increases; high respiratory rate and a lot of sweating, may cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalance; so water, electrolytes and energy supplementation in any period of fever is particularly important. A baby with a fever should need more water and food per day than usual, but often replenishment is not easy because of discomfort. The easiest and simplest way to give oral hydration to an irritable or sleeping baby is to squeeze water from a dropper with a rubber-tipped dropper, about 1 to 2 ml per dropper, and feed it drop by drop without choking the baby. Babies with fever need easily digestible food, eat less and more often, avoid eating too much to avoid increasing the burden on the gastrointestinal tract, generally the amount of single food is about 2/3 of the usual amount, and the total amount is preferably one or two percent more than usual. Tips: Eating fruits and drinking fresh juices can replenish some water and maintain the body’s electrolyte balance, but it is not recommended to drink canned juices and drinks with too much sugar. Important reminder: Babies with fever should seek medical attention as soon as possible in the following cases: 1. babies under 3 months of age 2. babies with fever of 40℃ or more for 24 hours, with little or no urine 3. babies with low fever for more than 4 days 4. babies with fever causing convulsions 5. babies with violent vomiting or difficulty swallowing 6. babies with shortness of breath and purple lips. Babies with shortness of breath and purple lips 7. Babies with poor mental activity and even lethargy 8. Babies with fever that recedes for 24 hours and then rises again Parents should still take good care of their children during the process of sending them to the hospital to relieve their babies’ discomfort to the greatest extent possible.