Nowadays, most mediastinal tumors do not need to open the chest because surgery has entered the era of minimally invasive surgery, and most mediastinal tumors can be solved by thoracoscopy or mediastinoscopy. Anatomically, the part of the anatomy between the two lungs is called the mediastinum, which is divided into anterior mediastinum, middle mediastinum and posterior mediastinum. The mediastinoscope can now make 1-2 holes from the lateral chest wall and also 1-3 holes from the subxiphoid process. Therefore, most of them do not need to open the chest. Only in a few cases, such as when the tumor is particularly large or the malignant tumor invades the surrounding organs and develops adhesions, open chest surgery is considered for treatment.