1.What is stroke? Stroke is a syndrome of acute onset of neurological deficits due to localized blood circulation disorders in the brain. Symptoms last at least 24 hours, but symptoms that last only a few minutes or hours should also be given high and attention. Focal signs and symptoms caused by stroke are consistent with the area of blood supply to the affected cerebral vessels, but when there is diffuse cerebral dysfunction, such as whole brain ischemia caused by cardiac arrest, it is not considered a stroke. 2.What are the names of strokes? There are many names for stroke, such as “stroke”, “cerebrovascular accident”, and “cerebrovascular disease”. Patients are confused, what kind of disease am I suffering from? In fact, they all diagnosed the same disease. Because the disease is fast, vicious, changeable, like the wind in nature, “changeable”, so by, Chinese medicine called this kind of disease “stroke”. Because the disease is the cerebral blood vessels accidentally out of order, the onset of sudden, unpredictable, therefore, also called “cerebrovascular accident”. In Western medicine, it is called “cerebrovascular disease. 3.How many types of strokes are there? Strokes are usually divided into two categories: ischemic strokes and hemorrhagic strokes. (1) Transient ischemic attack (TIA, also called cerebellar stroke or transient ischemic attack) is a transient, ischemic, focal damage to brain tissue that causes dysfunction. (2) Cerebral infarction, including cerebral thrombosis and cerebral embolism. Cerebral thrombosis: mostly develops from blockage of blood clots formed by local lesions of cerebral vessels caused by atherosclerosis, various arteritis, trauma and other physical factors, and blood disorders. Cerebral embolism: It can be induced by emboli generated by various diseases entering the bloodstream and blocking the blood vessels in the brain. Clinically, heart disease is the most common cause; followed by fat into the blood after fracture or trauma; worm eggs or bacterial infection; air into the blood such as pneumothorax, emboli formed by phlebitis and other factors, which embolize the cerebral blood vessels. Hemorrhagic strokes mainly include: cerebral hemorrhage: refers to the rupture of blood vessels in the brain parenchyma, excluding traumatic cerebral hemorrhage. Mostly caused by hypertension, cerebral atherosclerosis, tumors, etc. Subarachnoid hemorrhage: It is caused by the rupture and bleeding of blood vessels on the surface of the brain and at the base of the brain, and the blood flows directly into the subarachnoid space. Common causes include ruptured aneurysm, vascular malformation, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, blood disorders, etc. 4.Why does the incidence of stroke remain high? Misconceptions and unhealthy lifestyles are the main and most basic causes of this problem. There are many misconceptions in the life of our residents, such as diet, exercise and hobbies. This is also a common risk factor for many chronic non-communicable diseases. In addition, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia can trigger stroke, and these chronic non-communicable diseases are collectively known as lifestyle diseases. It involves all aspects of daily life and has a significant impact on people’s health. At the same time, because of its prevalence and habitual nature, many people do not feel how important the impact of lifestyle on health is. Therefore, misconceptions and unhealthy lifestyles become “invisible killers”. In addition, certain organic pathologies such as patent foramen ovale and atrial fibrillation can also cause strokes. 5. Is stroke preventable and treatable? The answer is yes. Stroke can be prevented. We need to correct the wrong concept and unhealthy lifestyle, and consciously avoid the risk factors of stroke; in addition, we should pay attention to the pathological changes that have already formed in the body, such as carotid artery plaque fast causing stenosis, and conduct regular stroke screening to detect the problem early, so that early diagnosis and early treatment can effectively prevent the occurrence of stroke. After a stroke occurs, more than a certain time (about 3 hours) brain tissue necrosis occurs, and usually can not be rescued in an effective time. Studies show that only about 1% of patients (probably less than 1 in 10,000 in China) can be treated in time. Therefore, with timely treatment after a stroke, some patients can be completely relieved or even return to normal without any sequelae. 6.When does stroke prevention start? Stroke prevention should start at an early age. This is because the pathological changes of arterial steatosis often begin in childhood and gradually increase with age, mainly related to high fat content in food and high sugar diet leading to obesity in early childhood. Hyperlipidemia and obesity are the main causes of atherosclerosis. Starting from early childhood, proper control of high cholesterol and high sugar food intake, more fruits and vegetables; develop the habit of not eating partially and not in excess; actively participate in various sports and develop good living habits, which are extremely beneficial to people’s life. 7.What is primary prevention and secondary prevention of stroke? Primary prevention of stroke refers to the prevention before the occurrence of disease, that is, through early change of unhealthy life behavior, proactive control of various risk factors that cause disease, so as to achieve the purpose of cerebrovascular disease does not occur (or delay the onset of age). The so-called secondary prevention is for patients who already have stroke symptoms or after a stroke, these people need to prevent the recurrence of stroke. In this case, in addition to continuing to control various risk factors, it is also necessary to prevent recurrence according to the different causes of stroke occurrence.