Is low sleep associated with diabetes? A recent study from Japanese scholars has shown that less sleep (less than 5.5 h or 5.5-6.5 h) is associated with an increased risk of diabetes in young and middle-aged people. The results of the study showed that those who slept <5.5 h and 5.5-6.5 h had a 53% and 25% increased risk of diabetes, respectively, compared to those who slept 7.0-7.5 h. In subjects aged ≤45 years, less sleep was a predictor of diabetes; however, the association between sleep duration and diabetes was significantly weaker in subjects aged ≥60 years. Young and middle-aged people should avoid diabetes by practicing a good routine and, although the detailed pathology is not clear, avoiding diabetes from adequate sleep.