Stroke has become the first cause of death and disability in our population, of which ischemic stroke accounts for 70%. Risk factors for ischemic stroke are divided into two categories: preventable and non-preventable. Preventable risk factors should be actively controlled, such as hypertension, abnormal lipid metabolism, abnormal glucose metabolism, smoking, etc. Preventive drugs include antithrombotic drugs, antihypertensive drugs, lipid-lowering drugs, glucose-lowering drugs, etc. For patients with non-cardiogenic ischemic stroke, antiplatelet therapy can significantly reduce the risk of cerebral thrombosis. If the patient has cardiogenic embolism (e.g., combined with atrial fibrillation, etc.), long-term oral anticoagulant therapy with oral warfarin anticoagulation is recommended, and close monitoring of coagulation function is required. If monitoring is not available, new oral anticoagulants, such as dabigatran and rivaroxaban, can be used. 2. Antihypertensive drugs – blood pressure management For hypertensive patients with ischemic stroke who have not received previous antihypertensive therapy, antihypertensive therapy should be initiated if the systolic blood pressure is ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure is ≥90 mm Hg a few days after onset. In contrast, patients with a previous history of hypertension and on long-term antihypertensive therapy should restart antihypertensive therapy several days after onset if there are no absolute contraindications. The selection of the type and dose of antihypertensive drugs and the target value of antihypertensive should be individualized. 3. Lipid-modifying drugs-lipid management In patients with non-cardiogenic ischemic stroke, long-term treatment with high-intensity statins is recommended to reduce stroke risk, regardless of whether there is other evidence of atherosclerosis. Statins include atorvastatin, resulvastatin, simvastatin, and fluvastatin. Long-term use of statins is generally safe. When there is a history of brain hemorrhage, they need to be used judiciously weighing the risks and benefits. During the treatment of statins, if the monitoring index is abnormal or the corresponding clinical manifestations appear, the drug should be promptly reduced or discontinued for observation, and the initial dose should not be too large for elderly patients or patients with combined severe organ insufficiency. 4. Glucose-lowering drugs-glucose management Patients with ischemic stroke should receive fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin monitoring after the onset of stroke. Patients without a clear history of diabetes should routinely receive oral glucose tolerance test to screen for abnormal glucose metabolism and diabetes after the acute phase. Lifestyle and/or pharmacologic interventions for patients with diabetes or prediabetes can prevent ischemic stroke. Metformin, acarbose, gliclazide, glimepiride may be used, and insulin control may be used when medication is not well controlled. 5. Other For patients who smoke, immediate cessation is recommended. Nicotine replacement products or oral smoking cessation medications can be used if necessary. Patients with ischemic stroke should avoid passive smoking and stay away from smoking places. For patients with mild to moderate increases in blood homocysteine, supplementation with folic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 may lower homocysteine levels and may reduce the risk of stroke recurrence. For patients with increased fibrinogen in the blood, fibrin-lowering drugs such as earth kinase capsules may be used. Proprietary Chinese medicines such as Ginkgo biloba preparations, haematoxylin drops, and cerebral heart capsules may be effective in preventing cerebral thrombosis.