The treatment of sputum-positive patients with tuberculosis is mainly a combination of effective anti-tuberculosis therapy. Currently, the common treatment regimen for first-time patients is still based on first-line oral antituberculosis drugs, usually isoniazid combined with rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide, for effective antituberculosis treatment. Infectiousness decreases significantly in most patients after 1-2 months of treatment, and the sputum may turn negative during this period, which is a sign of effective treatment. However, it does not mean the end of treatment, and most patients will stop the medication on their own after seeing the effect of treatment, which is unwise. In this period, patients need to continue to consolidate treatment, and the treatment plan can be adjusted to isoniazid combined with rifampin and ethambutol to continue anti-tuberculosis treatment, usually the treatment course should not be less than 6 months, and the treatment course can be extended according to the recovery of patients and the absorption of lesions as appropriate.