The inferior vena cava is the largest venous trunk in the body, collecting blood from the lower veins back to the right atrium. There is no specific value for the diameter of the inferior vena cava; in a normal person the diameter of the proximal segment of the inferior vena cava is about 2 cm, the diameter of the middle segment is about 1.9-2.1 cm, and the internal diameter of the distal segment is about 1.7-1.9 cm. Inferior vena cava obstruction may cause many serious diseases. If the upper segment of inferior vena cava is obstructed, it may cause liver reflux obstruction, which may manifest as liver enlargement, ascites, and liver dysfunction. Interrupted inferior vena cava obstruction may cause enlarged kidneys and back pain with proteinuria and hematuria. Inferior segment inferior vena cava obstruction may cause the inferior vena cava to be in a state of hypertension, which manifests as superficial abdominal wall varices, lower limb edema, etc. and the state is aggravated after exercise and may be alleviated after rest.
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