On X-ray chest radiographs, there are various manifestations of tuberculosis; the four main manifestations of primary tuberculosis are as follows: 1) parenchymal lesions; 2) lymph node enlargement; 3) cornified lesions; and 4) pleural effusion. The typical parenchymal lesion is characterized by dense, uniform pulmonary solid lesions occurring in any lobe of the lung, with the lower and middle lobes being the preferred sites in adults, and enlarged lymph nodes may be indicated on chest radiographs. In children under 2 years of age, segmental atelectasis may be present, mostly involving the upper or middle lobes, and in 2/3 of cases the solid lesions may disappear on follow-up chest radiographs. Lymph node enlargement is also characteristic of tuberculosis. In 1/3 of patients, the lymph nodes are enlarged bilaterally, but the typical lymph node enlargement is more common on the right side, involving the hilum and the right peribronchial area. Cornular changes are mainly seen in immunocompromised patients and are typically characterized by small 2-3 mm nodules with a diffuse distribution, while pleural effusions can be seen in about 1/4 of the patients with TB.