Tuberculosis drug resistance is a relatively common phenomenon, the mechanism of its occurrence is relatively complex, at present, it is believed that mainly in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the emergence of natural mutant strains, the root cause of which is caused by chromosomal mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In the clinic, the causes of tuberculosis drug resistance are mainly as follows: 1, the program of tuberculosis treatment is inappropriate, and does not comply with the principles of tuberculosis drug treatment. 2, after the initial treatment failure, there is no timely adjustment of medication, and blindly continue to carry out anti-tuberculosis treatment. 3, the patient because of their own reasons for the use of medication is not standardized, and does not follow the doctor’s instructions to use the medication. 4, the existence of cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis In addition, there are more natural mutant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the cavities. 5, the combination of underlying diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, HIV infection, diabetes and other diseases, leading to prolonged and irregular medication, when tuberculosis produces drug-resistant, it is necessary to adjust the medication program according to the drug sensitivity test in a timely manner.