Hepatitis B virus DNA is an indicator to detect the replication of hepatitis B virus and the size of infectiousness. The higher the value, the more active the replication and the stronger the infectiousness. If a patient is found to have high hepatitis B viral load, liver function and liver imaging should be checked. If liver function is normal, imaging is normal, and there is no trend of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, the patient can be treated without medication and the above indexes should be rechecked after 3-6 months. If there is a family history of liver cancer, the condition of antiviral treatment should be relaxed and antiviral treatment should be carried out as early as possible to reduce the occurrence of liver cancer. If hepatitis B virus DNA is high, liver function is abnormal, liver injury caused by other etiologies is excluded, liver cell inflammation is clear or liver fibrosis and cirrhosis already exist, antiviral, liver protection and anti-fibrosis treatment should be given in time to control the progress of the disease.