Kidney transplantation is usually not needed for lgA nephropathy, if the disease progresses to the end stage, kidney transplantation can be considered at this time. IgA nephropathy is a glomerular disease in which IgA or IgA deposits predominate in the glomerular mesangial area, and is the most common primary glomerular disease worldwide. The pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy is not fully understood. Since the immunofluorescence examination of IgA nephropathy is dominated by the deposition of IgA and C3 in the thylakoid membrane area, it suggests that the disease may be due to the deposition of circulating immune complexes in the kidney, which activate the complement and lead to renal damage. IgA nephropathy often presents with asymptomatic hematuria with or without proteinuria. Systemic symptoms vary in severity and may include general malaise, fatigue and muscle pain. Some patients will have hypertension, and malignant hypertension can occur in a few patients. Some patients show nephrotic syndrome and different degrees of renal impairment. Most lgA nephropathy does not need renal transplantation. If the patient only has simple microscopic hematuria, there is usually no special treatment. If there are repeated episodes of microscopic hematuria, anti-infection treatment with antibiotics such as penicillin is needed to improve the condition. If proteinuria persists and conventional treatment is ineffective, glucocorticoids such as methylprednisolone and immunosuppressants such as cyclophosphamide may be considered. When severe renal insufficiency occurs and the disease progresses to the terminal stage, kidney transplantation can be considered if conditions permit. The medication should be used in accordance with the doctor’s prescription, do not self-medicate, so as not to cause adverse consequences. It is recommended that patients with IgA nephropathy should go to the hospital in time and follow the doctor’s instructions for standardized diagnosis and treatment.