A muscle biopsy is a surgical procedure in which muscle is removed from the patient’s body for examination. Muscle biopsy is required if the physician has a high suspicion that the patient has a muscle disease such as hereditary muscular dystrophy and the nature of the damage is not clinically clear. Muscle biopsy requires routine sterilization to prevent infection, and after sterilization, the muscle is cut through surgical methods layer by layer, avoiding large arteries and veins, large nerves, and important vascular nerves, and selecting reasonable muscle tissue. After surgery, attention should be paid to stopping bleeding in place, lying flat for a day, avoiding strenuous activities, and choosing the appropriate time to remove stitches according to the site.