Helicobacter pylori infection is the most common cause of chronic gastritis. Helicobacter pylori positivity can be treated with quadruple therapy consisting of bismuth (e.g., bismuth potassium citrate), proton pump inhibitor (e.g., omeprazole), and two antimicrobial drugs (e.g., metronidazole and clarithromycin), and the specific medication and dosage should be followed by the doctor’s prescription.
Helicobacter pylori is a common cause of chronic gastritis and a causative agent of gastric cancer. It produces a variety of enzymes, such as urease, which have a destructive effect on the gastric mucosa; secreted cytotoxicity, which can lead to degeneration and necrosis of gastric mucosal cells; and antibodies, which can cause autoimmune damage. Clinical species of standardized treatment through the quadruple therapy.
The quadruple therapy mainly includes one bismuth agent, one proton pump inhibitor and two antibacterial drugs. Bismuth agent commonly used bismuth potassium citrate; proton pump inhibitors commonly used rabeprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, etc.; antibiotics including metronidazole or tinidazole, amoxicillin, levofloxacin, tetracycline, clarithromycin, furazolidone and so on.
Specific anti-Helicobacter pylori positive treatment program should be developed according to the patient’s specific situation, and strictly follow the doctor’s instructions.