Also known as degenerative joint disease, osteoarthritis is a common chronic joint disease. Its main lesions are degenerative changes in joint cartilage and secondary osteophytes. Osteoarthritis is most common in older people over the age of 50, more in women than men, and occurs in the knee, hip, ankle and spine, which are heavily weight-bearing joints, especially the knee. The main symptom of osteoarthritis is joint pain, which is mild and dull at the beginning and not serious, and then gradually increases, worsens after exertion, and improves after rest. The pain is sometimes associated with weather changes, humidity and cold. In addition, patients may feel that the joints are inflexible and stiff, and it takes some time to become flexible after waking up in the morning or after resting, and it is difficult to go up and down stairs or squat and stand. There may be frictional sounds when the joints move. In the presence of synovitis, the joint is obviously swollen and active and passive activities are restricted. In severe cases, the joint may become deformed, such as inversion of the knee and inability to straighten the knee joint. Radiographs show narrowing of the joint space, bone formation at the edges of the joint, uneven joint surfaces in the later stages, marked osteophytes, and sclerosis and cyst formation in the subchondral bone. Primary osteoarthritis is a slowly developing degenerative disease that is difficult to avoid and worsens with the passage of time. The goal of treatment is to slow or halt its progression. Therefore, in the early stages of osteoarthritis, non-invasive treatments should be used as much as possible, such as weight loss, walking with crutches to reduce the weight of the joints, external application of Chinese herbal medicine and physical therapy to reduce pain and stiffness, maintain a certain range of motion of the joints, enhance the muscle tone around the affected joints, and increase the stability of the joints. When the disease has developed to a certain extent and the above methods are not effective, drug therapy can be used. The purpose of drug treatment is to relieve joint pain and improve joint function, which should be selected according to drug efficacy, side effects and characteristics of elderly patients. 1.Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs: commonly used are: Furtalin, Mupirocort, Loxone, Xilabao, etc., which have both anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, and are commonly used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, but have different degrees of gastrointestinal side effects. 2, sulfate (hydrochloride) glucosamine: commonly used are Vigorix, Glucophage, etc.. It has the effect of promoting cartilage matrix synthesis and moderate anti-inflammatory effect, and gastrointestinal side effects are not common. 3.Hyaluronic acid: After intra-articular injection of hyaluronate, a viscoelastic protective film is formed on the surface of articular cartilage, which plays the role of lubricating the joint and protecting the articular cartilage. 4.When the patient has more severe persistent pain and obvious joint movement disorders, affecting work and life, surgical treatment should be considered. Arthroscopic surgery is feasible for patients with early osteoarthritis to clarify the site and extent of injury and to provide appropriate treatment, such as intra-articular free body removal, inflammatory synovial shaving, and repair of torn meniscus and cartilage. In advanced stages, patients with severe pain, pronounced inversion and flexion deformity, narrowing of the joint space on radiographs, and significant osteophytes require joint replacement therapy, such as total knee replacement and total hip replacement.