There are many causes of hypertension, and one type of hypertension for which drug therapy is ineffective and endovenous minimally invasive treatment can have immediate results is renal vascular hypertension, also known as renal artery stenosis hypertension. It is the most common type of secondary hypertension, accounting for about 5% to 10% of adult hypertension. Since renal lesions lead to the occurrence of hypertension, and hypertension causes damage to the kidney, the two promote each other, which will further develop and worsen the disease, therefore, renal hypertension should be actively treated with intracavitary methods. Intractable hypertension caused by renal artery stenosis can occur at any age, but is more common in those under 30 years of age due to: (i) atherosclerosis is the most frequent cause (70%), and is twice as common in men as in women; (ii) abnormal myofiber development (20%-25%), seen in women, and most commonly in the middle layer; (iii) developing renal artery stenosis (5%-10%), which is often associated with neurofibromatosis and constriction of the abdominal aorta are associated. Patients with one of the following conditions often suggest the possibility of renal vascular hypertension: ① Those with sudden onset of hypertension that rapidly progresses to acute hypertension. ② Those who suddenly change from benign hypertension to acute progressive hypertension. ③ Those who develop hypertension at the age of 30 years or less and the cause is not known. ④ Hypertension occurring after an injury to the abdomen or lower back, or after abdominal pain of unknown cause. ⑤ Diastolic blood pressure is often above 100 mmHg and vision loss. (6) Those with frequent dizziness and lightheadedness, the cause of which is not yet known. ⑦ Vascular murmurs can be heard in the upper abdomen, around the umbilicus, and at the angle of the rib cage on abdominal examination, usually in continuity or during systole, of which those with a high tone are more significant, but those with a medium or low tone can also be heard. If you have any of these symptoms, it is important to visit a specialized vascular surgery department and undergo the following tests: ultrasound, spiral CT, magnetic resonance arteriography, and DSA abdominal aorto-bis-renal arteriography. Among them, DSA is the most valuable examination, which can not only observe the abdominal aorta, both renal arteries and their branches, as well as the visualization in the renal parenchyma, but also clarify the location, extent and degree of stenosis. Currently, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and percutaneous renal artery stenting (STENT) are the first-line treatments for renal vascular hypertension. Their complications and mortality rates are significantly reduced compared to surgical procedures. It is effective in improving hypertension, and renal function can be improved in 30%-40% of patients. The Department of Vascular Surgery of Yangzhou First People’s Hospital has rich clinical practice experience in diagnosing and treating renal vascular hypertension, and has successfully relieved many young hypertensive patients of their pain and restored their health through endoluminal minimally invasive treatment, and eliminated the pain of long-term oral antihypertensive drugs. For patients who are not suitable for intracavitary treatment, surgical revascularization can also be performed, including: aorta-renal artery bypass graft, liver-renal artery bypass graft, splenic-renal artery bypass graft, iliac-renal artery bypass graft, and renal autograft.