Patients with hepatitis B are not contagious if they test negative for quantitative hepatitis B virus DNA. The main transmission routes of hepatitis B are blood transmission, vertical mother-to-child transmission, and sexual contact transmission. For hepatitis B patients, if they reach the indications for antiviral treatment, they must undergo antiviral treatment in a timely manner to firstly control the disease from progressing further, and also for the surrounding population to effectively avoid infection with the hepatitis B virus. High-risk groups can obtain protective antibodies against hepatitis B through hepatitis B vaccination, thus avoiding infection with the hepatitis B virus. If the titer of hepatitis B surface antibody is <10mIU/mL, three doses of hepatitis B vaccine should be given. If the titer of hepatitis B surface antibody is between 10 and 100 mIU/mL, one dose of hepatitis B vaccine is sufficient. If the titer of hepatitis B surface antibody is above 100mIU/mL, no hepatitis B vaccination is required.