For acute lupus nephritis, plasmapheresis can rapidly remove circulating immune complexes and antibodies in the body, which can control the disease, but it can only alleviate the symptoms, and hormones (e.g., prednisone acetate) and immunosuppressant drugs (e.g., cyclophosphamide, mescaline, etc.) should be given to maintain the treatment in the following period. Lupus nephritis is a common form of kidney damage in SLE, which is caused by inflammation of the glomeruli due to autoimmune disorders and the deposition of immune complexes in the glomeruli. There is no cure for this disease, but the use of plasma exchange can remove the immune complexes in the patient’s blood, for severe lupus nephritis can generally provide rapid relief. Plasma exchange is a type of extracorporeal blood purification therapy in which the plasma and cellular components are separated by membrane or centrifugal plasma separation, through a plasma separator, removing the disease-causing plasma or selectively removing certain disease-causing factors from the plasma, and then the cellular components, purified plasma, and the replacement fluid needed to replenish the plasma are infused back into the body. In conclusion, plasma exchange can rapidly and effectively reduce the concentration of immune complexes in the blood and alleviate the condition, but whether plasma exchange is used to treat lupus nephritis or not should be in accordance with medical advice. Patients with lupus nephritis are advised to consult a regular hospital as soon as possible and receive standardized treatment under the guidance of a physician.