After coronary intervention, the end of hospitalization, home recuperation is the key to recovery. Stent placement is only a measure for your most serious areas, the surgery cannot fundamentally inhibit the progression of atherosclerosis. After stenting, you still need to strengthen the control of risk factors, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, smoking, obesity, etc. It is necessary to adhere to the medical advice to take medication, regular follow-up, diet, exercise and good mind adjustment.
Psychological adjustment Always keep a happy mood, calm, optimistic and cheerful, avoid emotional excitement
When should I have a post-operative review?
After coronary intervention, patients will take anticoagulation, lipid regulating, dilation and complication treatment drugs to consolidate the treatment effect. Post-discharge review is a continuation of in-hospital treatment to further review the efficacy of the procedure, adjust the dosage of medications and detect and manage new diseases as early as possible.
It is recommended to review once a month for 1-6 months after discharge, and after 6 months, it can be extended to once every 3 months.
It is best to review the stent in 9-12 months after stenting without symptoms in order to clarify whether there is restenosis in the stent and new lesions in the coronary arteries so that appropriate treatment can be taken. If you have symptoms, you should always go to the hospital for examination.
How to take medication in a long-term scientific way?
Drugs to prevent blood clots Combination of clopidogrel and aspirin. Aspirin: It has the effect of preventing platelet aggregation thrombosis and can prevent restenosis after surgery. It is usually taken for life, and enteric aspirin 100mg daily is recommended. Clopidogrel: It is recommended to be taken for 1 year or more after placement of the drug stent. The recommended dose is 75mg daily.
Drugs to prevent the progression of atherosclerosis Statins: Atorvastatin (Lipitor), fluvastatin (Lysergol), Rosuvastatin (Tolto), etc. are available. These drugs not only lower blood lipids, but also fight inflammation. They play an important role in preventing the process of atherosclerosis in coronary heart disease combined with diabetes and hypertension, which severely damage the walls of blood vessels.
Drugs that prevent and treat hypertension and diabetes and reduce the burden on the heart
1, receptor blockers: there are bisoprolol, metoprolol, etc. The main role is to control heart rate, reduce myocardial oxygen consumption, inhibit arrhythmias and lower blood pressure. It is the basic drug for the treatment of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction. The main side effect is a slow heart rate. The heart rate is less than 50 beats per minute or blood pressure is reduced or discontinued.
2. Especially patients with combined diabetes, kidney disease and hypertension should take it for a long time. The main side effect is cough, serious cases can consider changing the drug.
3.Nitrates: mainly by dilating coronary arteries to improve angina symptoms, but also to protect endothelial function, which is beneficial to keep coronary arteries open after hematologic reconstruction.
Balanced diet
It is recommended that heart disease patients should do “three more and three less” in their daily diet. The general dietary principle is low salt, low fat, that is, a light diet.
”Three more”, that is, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, coarse grains, brown rice, etc.; eat more soybean products; eat more unsaturated fatty acids (fish, vegetable oils, etc.).
”Three less”, that is, less fat, less food, less salt. Less fat, that is, eat less fatty meat, animal offal and other high-fat food, to avoid causing obesity, hyperlipidemia and other risk factors. Less food, that is, the total daily calories should be controlled, to achieve or maintain the appropriate weight, eat fewer meals, so as not to increase the gastrointestinal burden and cause heart disease. Less salt, that is, the daily salt intake <6 grams, less or no pickled food, to avoid increasing the burden on the heart. In addition, quit smoking and limit alcohol.
Moderate exercise
In order to maintain the stent from re-clogging and prevent new lesions from occurring in the coronary arteries, it is important to adhere to a healthy lifestyle, one of which is to adhere to regular exercise.
Time and manner of exercise: The stent itself does not have any effect on activity, and normal exercise can generally be resumed 1 to 2 weeks after stenting. Choose slower and softer exercises, such as: walking, jogging, slow swimming, tai chi and other aerobic exercises.
Exercise precautions: the amount of exercise should be appropriate, according to their heart condition to decide, after the exercise to not feel fatigue is good, do not deliberately, rigidly by the book requirements of the heart rate target and time to exercise, barely adhere to only increase the burden on the heart, so that the heart function deterioration or induce angina. Exercise should be measured, gradual and persistent.
Do not exercise in the morning, preferably in the afternoon or evening, avoiding the peak time of the good attack of cardiovascular disease. Do not eat too much before exercise, do not exercise immediately after meals, so as not to cause coronary artery blood supply deficiency. The ambient temperature should not be too hot or too cold to induce an angina attack.
Reasonable arrangement of work
Those without myocardial infarction can resume normal work after 1-2 weeks after stenting.
Those with myocardial infarction can resume light work 1 month after stenting, depending on a combination of factors such as their physical ability, work intensity and stress. If needed, transfer to a job with less heavy physical activity.
There are some types of work that are no longer suitable and should be transferred to a different position, such as work at height, pilots, drivers, heavy physical labor and strong stimulation of highly stressful occupations.
Work must be measured and should be stopped as soon as physical discomfort occurs.
Alarm signs of a heart attack
1, chest discomfort – most heart attacks are preceded by discomfort in the precordial region, with chest pain, chest tightness or tightness in the throat, lasting several minutes, or recurring.
2, Discomfort in other areas – Pain may radiate to the back of the left shoulder, ring finger, little finger, neck, jaw and stomach discomfort.
3.Shortness of breath and breath-holding – this sensation is mostly accompanied by chest discomfort, and mostly occurs before the chest discomfort.
4.Other signs – sudden cold sweat, nausea or dizziness, headache or even fainting.
5.If you or someone around you has chest discomfort, especially if there is one or more other symptoms, please call the emergency number immediately within five minutes to go to the hospital emergency room immediately.