With the continuous improvement of people’s living standards and cultural quality, people are more and more concerned about the quality of life, from the concept has gradually transformed into the prevention of disease as the focus, today to give you the importance of regular medical check-ups. Because regular medical checkups are an effective means of safeguarding health. Some people who thought they were healthy were found to have kidney failure when they were found to be ill; some people who thought they were not ill were found to have cirrhosis of the liver, and there are many more such cases. So far this year, our department has admitted three cases of polycystic kidney patients, two of which have developed into uremic syndrome. The most impressive case is a female patient over 50 years old, creatinine has more than 600umol/L (normal female, creatinine is less than 73umol/L), we asked the family history and notified her son and daughter to come for physical examination, and found that they both have polycystic kidney, we immediately asked anxiously if her son and daughter had married and had children, but the result is that they both married and had children, so we are really worried whether her grandchildren also inherited this disease. We were really worried whether her grandchildren also inherited this disease. The patient was very grateful to us because she deeply felt that we cared for her family, and through our education, she understood what this genetic disease was all about. The patient cooperated with the treatment and her creatinine dropped more than 100umol/L. When she was discharged from the hospital, she shook our hands and was very grateful. What is polycystic kidney? Polycystic kidney is a common hereditary kidney disease, mainly manifested by the appearance of multiple cysts of different sizes in the kidneys bilaterally. The cysts progressively increase in size and eventually destroy the structure and function of the kidneys, leading to end-stage renal failure. The disease is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and is inherited from generation to generation, with equal incidence in both sexes. If one parent has the disease, there is a 50% chance that the child will develop the disease, and if both parents have polycystic kidney, the transmission to the next generation will be 75%. However, about 40% of patients have no family history of polycystic kidney, which may be due to the patient’s own genetic mutation. What are the typical symptoms of polycystic kidney? Pain Pain in the back or ribbed abdomen is the most common symptom, which becomes more obvious with age and the increase of cysts, and is more common in women. Acute pain or sudden increase of pain often indicates rupture of cyst and bleeding, stone, or urinary tract obstruction and co-infection caused by blood clots. Chronic pain is mostly caused by the enlarged kidney or cyst pulling on the renal peritoneum and renal tip and pressing on adjacent organs, and huge liver cysts can also cause pain under the right rib cage. Hemorrhage More than 90% of patients have intracapsular hemorrhage or carnal hematuria, which is mostly spontaneous and can also occur after strenuous exercise or trauma. Causes of hematuria include rupture of cystic vessels, stones, infection or cancer. Hypertension is one of the most common early manifestations in patients with polycystic kidney. 50% of young patients with normal kidney function have blood pressure higher than 140/90mmHg, while almost 100% of patients with end-stage renal disease suffer from hypertension. The blood pressure is directly related to the size of kidney and the number of cysts, and it keeps increasing with age. Complications of polycystic kidney? Kidney stone Most common, patients often have symptoms such as pain in the back and abdomen, abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting and hematuria. Renal insufficiency The main clinical manifestations are edema, hypertension, anemia, hematuria, lumbar pain, and abnormal urination, such as oliguria, anuria or increased nocturia. Bone pain, increased foam in urine, other unexplained loss of appetite, weakness, and pallor. Uremia Early clinical manifestations of polycystic kidney failure uremia mainly involves lesions of the digestive system, cardiovascular system, respiratory system and nervous system and other systems of the body, leading to multi-organ failure such as heart failure in severe cases. Hypertension When patients develop renal failure, they will be accompanied by hypertension, which can lead to heart disease and stroke. Infections Patients may develop urinary tract infections, such as simple cystitis, cystic infection and pus accumulation. Aneurysm Patients may have severe headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and abdominal distension. How to effectively avoid the occurrence of polycystic kidney? Although the hereditary rate of polycystic kidney is very high, but you can also take some methods to effectively avoid polycystic kidney heredity, the most common methods are the following, the following to understand: 1, if both men and women have polycystic kidney, it will increase the incidence of the next generation, so we must pay attention to ultrasound examination before marriage, and effectively avoid the marriage of men and women who both suffer from polycystic kidney. 2.Adult polycystic kidney has a 50% chance of inheritance if one parent has the disease, so polycystic kidney patients should undergo genetic testing for cysts in amniotic fluid or chromaffin cells during the 10th week of pregnancy, which can effectively help polycystic kidney families choose a healthy child, and this child will not carry genes that will affect their offspring. 3. You can also avoid the cyst gene and block the genetic inheritance through IVF technology.