In recent years, more and more patients are undergoing thyroid surgery. In order to make it easier for patients to have an objective understanding of the physical changes brought about by the surgery so as to facilitate a quick recovery, we have compiled a concise guide for surgical patients. Pre-operative precautions: 1. Chronic diseases and commonly used medications must be notified to the doctor, and surgery can only be performed when the condition is under control. 2, such as long-term use of anticoagulant drugs (such as aspirin, poliovirus, etc.) must be discontinued more than a week before the operation. 3.Female patients of childbearing age should avoid menstrual period on the day of surgery. 4.Three days before the operation, practice the position for 2 hours a day to facilitate postoperative recovery: lie flat on the bed, soft pillow under the neck and shoulder, keep the head properly tilted back. 5.Food and water are prohibited after 22:00 on the day before the surgery. Eating or drinking a lot of water before the surgery will become a contraindication to the surgery. 6, such as long-term use of antihypertensive drugs the day of surgery with a small amount of water in the morning when you wake up to take normal. Postoperative precautions: 1, at least 3-5 days hospitalization is required for observation after surgery, and the time of discharge depends on the recovery situation. 2, the change of voice, may be related to the vocal cord edema, airway secretion increase, nerve function damage, is a common situation of thyroid surgery, the postoperative 3-6 months are possible to recover, and some patients can not restore the normal tone. 3.Symptoms of numbness and twitching of hands, feet and face are related to hypoparathyroidism, which is also a common complication after thyroid surgery, and usually recovered within 2 weeks-2 months after surgery, and a few patients can have this symptom for a long time. 4, choking when drinking or eating is mostly caused by impaired function of the supraglottic nerve, it is recommended to eat more semi-fluid or solid, less water, more than 2 weeks to relieve themselves. 5, dizziness, headache, neck, shoulder and lower back discomfort, usually related to the surgical position, can be relieved within a few days. 6.Pharyngeal and incision pain, swallowing effort, increased airway secretion are normal reactions after surgery, and can be gradually relieved. 7, early postoperative fever, usually not more than 38.5 ℃, can be used to physical cooling method, mostly can be relieved by themselves. 8.Within one week, eat a light diet, avoid too hot, too hard food, diabetic patients please pay attention to blood sugar control. 9.Lobectomy of thyroid gland will cause thyroid insufficiency, and thyroxine replacement therapy is needed for life. 10.Final diagnosis is based on postoperative pathological diagnosis. If the postoperative pathological diagnosis is inconsistent with the preoperative diagnosis, another operation may be required according to the condition. 11.A few patients with malignant combined lymph node metastasis or invasion of peripheral tissues and organs need I131 internal radiation therapy after surgery.