Gingival hyperplasia is an increase in gingival volume due to an increase in the cellular component of the gingival tissue and can be seen in infectious diseases of the gingival tissue caused by plaque biofilm or in non-inflammatory changes caused by factors other than local irritation. In gingival hyperplasia, the gingival margin thickens, the gingival papillae are rounded and bulbous, and the color can be bright red, dark red, or pink. Laboratory tests: 1. Gingival hyperplasia caused by phenytoin sodium is seen as a significant thickening of the epithelial spine layer, with the nail protrusions reaching deep into the connective tissue. There are dense bundles of collagen fibers within the connective tissue, and both fibroblasts and neovascularization are increased. Inflammatory cells are infrequent, often confined to the vicinity of the gingival sulcus, and are secondary or concomitant. Gingival hyperplasia caused by nifedipine and cyclosporine has a similar histological phase and clinical manifestations to those with phenytoin sodium gingival hyperplasia. 2, oral endoscopy The advent of oral endoscopy has brought a new paradigm for oral examination and treatment. When the lesion scene of a patient with gingival hyperplasia is displayed in front of the patient, the patient can understand the urgency of treatment without more description or expertise. The physician can further discover the oral lesions of gingival hyperplasia patients with the aid of clear and visual images, and various treatment measures taken in a timely manner. 3.X-ray examination X-ray examination is commonly used in medicine as one of the auxiliary examination methods. x-ray examination can make the structure of the gingival area clearly displayed on the X-ray film, and can be kept as an objective record for a long time, so that it can be studied at any time when needed or compared at the time of review.