Hyperlipidemia leading to cardiovascular disease is a rather slow process, often starting to attack the blood vessels from young adults, and there are almost no symptoms in the early stage, which is often overlooked. Therefore, it is very important to check blood lipids regularly, but before blood lipid examination, the following points should be noted: 1. Fasting. Fasting starts at 10 o’clock the night before blood collection, and venous blood is taken from 9 o’clock to 10 o’clock the next morning, i.e., blood is taken in the morning after fasting for more than 12 hours. 2, the last meal before taking blood for laboratory tests should be noted. Avoid high-fat food; do not drink alcohol, because drinking alcohol can significantly increase the concentration of plasma triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and high-density lipoproteins (hdl), resulting in errors in laboratory results. 3, in a relatively stable physiological and pathological state for laboratory testing. Lipid levels can change with some physiological and pathological states. Such as: trauma, acute infection, fever, myocardial infarction, women’s menstruation, pregnancy, etc. 4, do not take certain drugs when the test. Such as birth control pills, beta-blockers, thiazide diuretics, hormonal drugs, etc. can affect the level of blood lipids, resulting in errors in the test. It is important to pay attention to the above-mentioned situations before going to the hospital to ensure that the test results are accurate. What are the indicators in the blood lipid checklist and how can they be considered abnormal? ①Total cholesterol (tc): The normal range is 5.23-5.69 mmol/l. If it exceeds 5.72 mmol/L, it can be considered as an increased lipid level. The level of total cholesterol depends mainly on diet, physical work, environment, gender and age. It increases significantly in women after menopause; the concentration is very low during the neonatal period and approaches adult levels soon after breastfeeding; it also tends to increase with age. ②Triglycerides (tg): The normal range varies widely, from 0.56-1.7 mmol/l. If it exceeds 1.7 mmol/L, it is elevated triglyceride, which is a risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. If it is below 0.56 mmol/L, it is called hypo-tgemia. It is seen in some hereditary diseases with lipoprotein deficiency or secondary abnormalities of lipid metabolism, such as gastrointestinal disorders, endocrine disorders (hyperthyroidism, chronic adrenocortical insufficiency), advanced tumors, cachexia, and when drugs such as heparin are applied. (iii) High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c): The normal range is greater than 1.00 mmol/L. It is influenced by many factors, such as age, gender, race, diet, obesity, alcohol and tobacco consumption, exercise, and medications. ④Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c): The range is less than 3.12 mmol/L. The therapeutic goal for ldl-c in patients with hyperlipidemia is below 2.6 mmol/L. Increased levels are commonly seen in familial hypercholesterolemia, type a hyperlipoproteinemia, etc. ⑤ Lipoprotein(a) [lp(a)]: concentrations less than 300 mg/l in the serum of healthy adults. Increased concentrations are seen in ischemic cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, surgery, acute trauma and inflammation, nephrotic syndrome and uremia, and malignancies other than hepatocellular carcinoma. Decreased concentrations are seen in liver disease, as lipoproteins are synthesized in the liver. (6) Phospholipids (pl): most actively synthesized in the liver, secreted mainly by the bile and intestine and excreted in the feces. Phospholipids are also an important component of cell membranes. The normal range is 1.3-3.2 mmol/l. Increases are common in cholestasis, primary cholestatic cirrhosis, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, and nephrotic syndrome. In addition, he is important for the diagnosis of the appearance of secondary respiratory distress in immature infants (fetuses). (7) Free fatty acids (ffa): Under normal conditions, they are present in very small amounts in the blood and are susceptible to various physiological and pathological changes. Therefore, it cannot be judged on the basis of one test result, and continuous dynamic observation should be made. The normal range is between 0.4 and 0.9 mmol/L. Increases are seen in diabetes, hyperthyroidism, acromegaly, Cushing’s disease, obesity, severe liver disease, acute pancreatitis, etc.; decreases are seen in hypothyroidism, insulinoma, hypopituitarism, Addison’s disease. Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for stroke, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and sudden death. In addition, hyperlipidemia is also an important risk factor for promoting hypertension, abnormal glucose tolerance, and diabetes. Hyperlipidemia can also lead to fatty liver, liver cirrhosis, cholelithiasis, pancreatitis, fundus bleeding, blindness, peripheral vascular disease, claudication, and hyperuricemia. Therefore, it is important to pay high attention to the danger of hyperlipidemia and to actively prevent and treat it.