[Abstract] Objective To investigate the feasibility of applying electronic sphygmomanometer instead of vertical mercury column sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure for hemodialysis patients during hemodialysis. Methods Patients on maintenance hemodialysis in the hemodialysis unit of the Department of Nephrology were selected, and the brachial artery pressure on the side without internal fistula was measured during dialysis using a vertical mercury column sphygmomanometer and an Omron HEM-907 electronic sphygmomanometer simultaneously using the cuff method, and the measurements were repeated 3-4 times in each patient, and the difference between the two methods was evaluated by Bland-Altman analysis. According to the criteria specified in ANSI/AAMI SP10-2002, “Manual, Electronic, or Automatic Blood Pressure Monitors,” the error of the electronic sphygmomanometer was within acceptable limits if the mean value of the difference in blood pressure measured by the electronic sphygmomanometer and the vertical mercury column sphygmomanometer was within ±5 mmHg and the standard deviation of the difference in blood pressure was within ±8 mmHg. Results A total of 86 patients were selected, and blood pressure was measured 262 times. The mean value of the systolic blood pressure difference measured by the electronic sphygmomanometer and the vertical mercury column sphygmomanometer was -1.61 mmHg, and the standard deviation of the systolic blood pressure difference was 5.48 mmHg; the mean value of the diastolic blood pressure difference measured by both methods was -2.68 mmHg, and the standard deviation of the diastolic blood pressure difference was 5.02 mmHg. The Omron HEM-907 electronic sphygmomanometer is a reliable alternative to the vertical column sphygmomanometer auscultation method, thus reducing the workload of the nurses in the hemodialysis unit. 1 Discussion: Blood pressure often fluctuates greatly during dialysis in hemodialysis patients, and either hypotension or hypertension during dialysis can affect the prognosis of hemodialysis patients. Therefore, monitoring blood pressure during dialysis is of great significance and is an important and demanding task for the dialysis unit nurse. According to ANSI/AAMI SP10-2002, “Manual, Electronic, or Automated Blood Pressure Monitors,” a minimum sample size of 85 cases was selected for the accuracy analysis of electronic blood pressure monitors [4], with a minimum of 255 measurements. The current study selected an adequate sample size for simultaneous blood pressure measurements with the electronic sphygmomanometer and the vertical mercury column method, confirming the overall good agreement of measurements with the electronic sphygmomanometer and the mercury column sphygmomanometer in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Although the difference in blood pressure levels measured by the two methods increased with increasing blood pressure levels, the recommended limits of ANSI/AAMI SP10-2002 were not exceeded. In addition, electronic sphygmomanometers measure blood pressure using an indirect method [5]. The Omron HEM-907 electronic sphygmomanometer is based on the oscillometric method. The oscillometric method of blood pressure measurement consists of three main components: pressure transducer, filtering and blood pressure algorithm. This method starts by blocking the arterial blood flow with a cuff and detecting the gas pressure oscillation wave inside the cuff during deflation. The pressure oscillations originate from the pulsation of the vessel wall. The pressure transducer converts the pressure signal in the cuff into an electrical signal, which is passed through a filter to obtain a pulsating pressure wave with a parabolic envelope, and finally the blood pressure algorithm calculates the systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure [6]. Thus, electronic sphygmomanometers measure blood pressure independent of subjective factors such as the proficiency of the measurer, psychological, auditory, and visual factors, and the repeatability of blood pressure measured in a short period of time under the same conditions is better. It should be noted, however, that electronic sphygmomanometers are routinely calibrated every 6 or 12 months to ensure the accuracy of the sphygmomanometer [7]. In conclusion, the application of electronic sphygmomanometer and mercury column sphygmomanometer for blood pressure measurement in maintenance hemodialysis patients is in good agreement, and the Omron HEM-907 electronic sphygmomanometer can replace the vertical mercury column sphygmomanometer auscultation method for blood pressure measurement in maintenance hemodialysis patients, thus reducing the workload of nurses in the hemodialysis unit.