The best time to treat bilirubin encephalopathy is to treat it early to avoid irreversible neurological damage. Neonatal jaundice is caused by abnormal bilirubin metabolism, resulting in elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood, causing yellowing of the skin, mucous membranes and sclera. Severe neonatal jaundice can lead to bilirubin encephalopathy, which is characterized by symptoms such as unresponsiveness, lethargy, reduced activity, and weakness in sucking. If bilirubin encephalopathy occurs, it is more difficult to treat and can lead to irreversible neurological damage. If the disease is severe or if treatment is not timely, chronic bilirubin encephalopathy may develop, resulting in serious sequelae such as tardive dyskinesia, visual and hearing impairment, and mental deficiency. Therefore, newborns with jaundice should be seen by a pediatrician in a timely manner. Blue light irradiation and other methods can bring about remission and avoid aggravation of the condition due to untimely treatment.