Methods of bladder irrigation: 1. Catheterization method of irrigation, which can be divided into intermittent irrigation and continuous irrigation. For intermittent bladder flushing, a double-lumen catheter needs to be left in place, and about 200ml of sterile saline or other perfusion solution is injected into the catheter, then the catheter is clamped shut for about half an hour, and the catheter is opened to release the flushing, so that a bladder flushing is completed. For continuous bladder irrigation, a three-lumen catheter needs to be left in place. The three-lumen catheter has a separate opening to do continuous irrigation, with an external saline or other irrigation solution, and continuous open irrigation, which can be extended to more than 24 hours, and the duration of irrigation needs to be decided according to the condition. For example, flushing after prostatectomy often takes more than 72 hours. 2. Cystoscopic flushing, in this case, there is no need to keep a catheter in place, but cystoscopy is required. After the cystoscope is placed into the bladder through the urethra, the cystoscope is connected to an external flushing solution and flushed under direct vision in the bladder. During the flushing, the lesion and bleeding site can be observed directly under the cystoscope, and after the flushing is completed, the effect of the flushing can also be observed.