The normal human urine specific gravity is between 1.010-1.025. The urine specific gravity is more influenced by diet, exercise, sweating, and drinking water, and it fluctuates in a wide range. The fluctuation range of random urine is usually between 1.005 and 1.030, and this value is within the normal range. If the specific gravity of urine is high, it is most commonly associated with hyperthermia and dehydration, low water intake, and concentrated urine. Also acute glomerulonephritis, nephropathy, cardiovascular disease, such as heart failure, and diabetes mellitus will increase the specific gravity of urine due to the presence of protein or ketone bodies or urine sugar in the urine. Decreased urine specific gravity is mainly seen in uremia, chronic nephritis with reduced renal concentration. Therefore the high urine specific gravity of random urine measured once has no special significance, but also depends on the presence of protein, urine sugar, ketone bodies, etc. in the urine, which can be clarified by regular rechecking of urine routine.