Survival is usually unaffected in most patients with lacunar cerebral infarction, and the prognosis of the disease is generally good with low mortality and disability rates. Lacunar cerebral infarction is a clinical syndrome in which lesions occur in the walls of small arteries in the cerebral hemispheres or deep brainstem due to long-term hypertension and other risk factors, eventually leading to occlusion of the lumen and resulting in ischemic necrosis of the brain tissue in the blood supply artery, resulting in corresponding neurological deficits. Most patients have a history of hypertension and suddenly develop hemiparesis or hemianesthesia. The symptoms are usually mild, the signs are single, the prognosis is good, and the patient’s life expectancy is usually not affected. However, it should be noted that the disease has a high recurrence rate and repeated attacks can cause multiple lacunar cerebral infarctions, which can lead to cognitive decline, mental impairment, dysarthria, and urinary and fecal incontinence. The treatment principles of lacunar cerebral infarction are similar to those of cerebral infarction, including active control of risk factors, anti-platelet aggregation and anti-atherosclerosis. In addition, adopting a good lifestyle, abstaining from smoking and alcohol, low-salt and low-fat diet, and appropriately increasing physical exercise can help reduce the chance of recurrence of the disease.